MEMORIES OF FAYETTEVILLE

Fayetteville, a picturesque village, with its streets shaded by either maple or ancient elm trees, graceful in summer foliage, has often charmed those who came to visit or in passing through. It also charmed many strangers, and some of them were delighted with the pleasant tree-lined streets, the well-kept homes, the cluster of churches, the Limestone Creek, the old dyke flowing through the village, and like that old saying: "They came, they saw, and were conquered" by the inviting aspect of the village.

The hand of Time has erased many of the old scenes, yet some have survived. There is a number of quaint old homes which, having been kept in good repair, still enhance the streets, and are proud remembrances. The villagers who lived in them have long passed on, but those stately homes remain as monuments to those who helped make the village what it is today. Some descendants are still enjoying the homes of their forebears.

Carey Coates opened a tavern in 1801 and applied for a license. John DeLamater opened a store in 1802 and the little hamlet that gathered around them took on the name of "The Corners," or "Manlius Four Corners," due to the point where Manlius street crosses E. Genesee, with Salt Springs street coming into Manlius street. Hervey Edwards as an early merchant on the corner of Salt Springs and Manlius streets. Most of the early business interests were located in the upper part of the village. In 1824, the Post village of Fayetteville, 2 miles north of Manlius, on the north branch of the Seneca turnpike, had 25 houses. Fifteen years later Fayetteville, situated south of the Erie Canal, had about 800 inhabitants, 120 dwellings, three churches, an incorporated academy, four taverns, six stores, one flouring mill, two saw mills and one tannery. It was in May 1844 that the village was first incorporated and took on the name of Fayetteville. It was reincorporated in 1870 and in 1871. There is a legend that the name was taken from the famous French General, LaFayette, but that has never been confirmed.

Much of the importance of the village was due to the famous turnpike in its course from Albany to Buffalo, also to the Erie Canal, and later to the Chenango Valley R. R., which came in 1874, and later to the trolley line, the Syracuse & Suburban, the oldest suburban line in Central New York. The first car was operated between Syracuse and Fayetteville in May, 1898. But still not forgetting the stage routes, the horse-drawn freight, passenger and express routes.

With kindly thoughts the author finds it a great pleasure to fill the following pages with ever-present memories. Memory never lets go of anything. It holds fast to all we put into its wide-open hands. One cannot go back to the past, but it is nice to know the past is there. It is like an imaginary fountain from which one may sip either laughter or tears in vivid remembrances.

The author finds it a pleasant endeavor to acquaint the present generation with a review of Fayetteville and its inhabitants, and what they were like at the turn of the century. There has been some research at the Fayetteville Library, some old-timers have given a hint here and there, but for the most part these pages have been written from memory. Research has been made to authenticate the names of those who lived prior to 1890. In those days, around 1890, there were no mail deliveries or house numbers, so the author will make no attempt to list an authentic directory in alphabetical order.

Suppose we go back a half century or more and get acquainted with this fair village and its residents, to realize just what it was like, and who were its people. There have been many changes made in the village since 1890, yet some of the old well-known scenes still remain familiar, as they were long ago. Many familiar faces have long passed on. Those old acquaintances were the people who contributed both materially and spiritually to the progress of the village. Some of those same people were descendants of the founders, and they built on a foundation of friendship and hard work. Their labors have been well recognized.

There are a number of old-timers who can still observe some old, unchanging scenes which have resisted and withstood the passing of time and invasion of progress. There is the Limestone Creek, the downtown business buildings on the North side of W. Genesee. The remaining part of the old Beard Hotel is a well-known landmark. The building once known as the Grove Hotel still stands, and alongside is the old Fayetteville Bank building, and next to that, to the south and facing on N. Mill street, is the old brick building which once embraced drug and grocery stores. The Platt H. Smith home, with its familiar stone wall along the walk. The old paper mill, the many old homes which grace some streets, the churches and the old landmark, now known as the Odd Fellows building, the once busy railroad and the unchanging dyke. More about the above items will be disclosed on following pages.

The author will now submit a list of property owners, those who were tenants, business men, their locations; in fact, all citizens will be listed, along with their occupations, for the most part. The post-office, downtown, was the only place where residents could post or receive mail. The author has no knowledge of a directory before 1926. The following lists will name the streets, the homes and business establishments as they come, one after another along streets. For the most part, the author was personally acquainted with the citizens who lived in the village between 1890 and 1910, meeting them almost daily on streets or through business deals.

Nathaniel M. Gillett family residence and farmland, with barns, hop yard and hop kiln. Mr. Gillett came to Fayetteville in 1864 and bought a farm. In 1867 he built the beautified home. He later gave up active farming and deals in wool, hops and tobacco. Amos, a son, lived in the home. A daughter, Sarah, married Charles L. Collin. When the author was a young boy he helped peel hops on the farm. A farm wagon with makeshift seats was driven to the village to pick up hop pickers. Hop vines were cut from the hop poles and carried to the pickers who picked off the tops, letting them fall into big wooden boxes with a canopy overhead for shade. A picker was paid for each box filled.

Tenant house on the Snook farm. Occupant unknown. In 1809, Col. Frederick Pratt bought a tract of land on Bishop's brook from John Sweeting, who came in 1803. Pratt later built the fine colonial mansion which was finally acquired by the Snook family. They lived here for many years. Josephine, a daughter, and Edward, a son, were survivors of the Snook family. Mr. Sweeting was an uncle of Monroe P. Worden, who was a long-time owner of the farm which was later occupied by the Onondaga Golf and Country Club.

L. C. Gardner family residence and small farm lot. Later, this property was acquired by the Durston family.

Mrs. Millward residence and small farm lot. Later, the house was destroyed by fire, and finally Mrs. Millward acquired the Sheldon Pratt property on E. Genesee, in the village (Henry B. Clark, later J. P.)

A. E. Evans family residence, farmland, barns and farm tenant house. In early years, Lucius, Daniel and Arad Evans came to Fayetteville from Cazenovia. Arad married Eleanor W. Shipman. He passed away in 1884, at his home on W. Genesee, which was later occupied by the eldest daughter of Dr. Daniel S. Evans. The daughter, Eleanor, married Wm. S. Estabrook, a lawyer. John O. Evans, brother of Mrs. Estabrook, became a prominent contractor in Annapolis and Washington, D. C. A farmhand, James Fay, occupied the tenant house, around 1896.

Bishop's Brook (Evans) crosses W. Genesee. This brook, not to be confused with the Bishop's brook which flows through the Ambrose Clark farm, on E. Genesee, has its headwaters near High Bridge.

Henry Pratt farm. Seymour Pratt, grandfather of John D. Pratt, was one of the prominent and active men in the early days of the village. His father, Caleb Pratt, came from Connecticut and settled on Peck Hill, east of Manlius, and Seymour was born there in 1797. He spent his early years on the farm. In 1828, he married Mrs. Nancy Hall and came to Fayetteville to make a home, and died there. They had five children: Sheldon of Fayetteville; Henry; James, of Washington, D. C.; Mrs. Walden Tibbitts, and Mary. Henry Pratt married Lydia C., daughter of John and Mary Rowley. Their children were John D., Elizabeth and Caroline. This Pratt family is related to the old Pratt family of Pompey, founded by Daniel and Manoah, brothers, at Pratt's Falls.

Seymour Pratt established an extensive lumber business on a mill lot, taking in a considerable portion of what is now the business section of the village, both sides of Mill street, both sides of the Limestone creek and the feeder (a part of the Erie Canal), from Genesee street to the north. He erected all the buildings except the McViccar block, where for many years DeLancy Bartlett conducted a drug store. On Mill street, now named Brooklea Drive, Mr. Pratt built the hotel, which was later acquired by Horace Grove. Around 1848, Mr. Pratt bought the farm of 126 acres, on the west side of the creek, extending north to the Erie Canal.

Bordering on the east side of the Henry Pratt farm is a road leading south, called Mott's Lane. Farther south on this road was a farm owned by Frank Mott, Sr.

Mrs. Eaton residence. Later, a part of this property was acquired by H. W. Kessler, who built his home there.

Amos W. Chase family residence, with barn. He was a Civil War veteran and president of the village from 1895 to 1896. This property was later acquired by Edward Harter, glove maker.

Vacant lot, owned by N. R. Chapman, lawyer.

H. Brown family residence. In a more recent year, P. H. Costello acquired this property.

James Nixon family residence. A daughter, Mary, was the sole survivor of the family.

Mrs. Penfield residence. This property was later acquired by Frank Harris, musician and employee at the Continental Can Co., in Syracuse.

L. Wickham family residence. This property was later acquired by Wm. Reed, laborer, who moved there from Highbridge street.

Mrs. Hodge residence. This property was later acquired by Dr. Frederick W. Cook, Veterinarian. Later, Dr. Cook acquired the C. S. Noble property on E. Genesee. The house at the corner of W. Genesee and Highbridge streets was then used for rental, and at one time occupied by Edson Shepard, pattern maker at S. Cheney & Sons, Manlius.

George Fitch Cooper Shop. This property was later acquired by Wm. Morrison and Edward Harter, and they erected a glove shop there.

Bordering along the east side of the glove shop was a small branch of the Limestone creek, which crossed W. Genesee. The bridge spanning this branch was known as the "lower" bridge.

The Village "Lock-Up". This building was abandoned many years ago. It also housed the "hand-pumper," which was used by the village for fire purposes.

D. H. Graham, Carriage Manufacturer. There was also a blacksmith shop on this property. Later, Graham's sons, Carl and Kurk, carried on the business. Carl was chief of the fire department.

Limestone Creek, flowing past W. Genesee. The old white bridge, spanning the creek, was well known and a familiar sight to the old-timers. There was a footwalk on both sides. It was known to many townsmen that when a horse or team walked or trotted across the bridge there was no vibration, but a trotting dog would cause the bridge to vibrate. The bridge had a plank flooring.

Beach C. Beard Feed Mill, its foundation rising from near the creek bank. In this building a flourishing business was carried on in early years. Grain was shipped by canal, and, at that time, canal boats came up the Fayetteville feeder and into the Limestone creek through a lock located somewhat west of Bangs & Gaynor's lime mill. Boats would come up the creek as far as or beyond Crouse's foundry, which was located on S. Mill street. As late as 1910, there were large iron rings cemented in the basement walls on the west side of the building, where boats "tied" up while unloading or taking on a shipment. In 1828, a body of men in Manlius village, under the name of Manlius Canal Company, were made commissioners to receive subscriptions to stocks. The object of the coupons was to provide for slack water navigation between the Erie Canal and Manlius, but for some reason it was never projected. Around 1830, a feeder was constructed to connect the Erie Canal with Fayetteville.

Later, a part of the Beard building was occupied by a tin shop. Some years later it was occupied by a tannery and glove shop, operated by Thomas Starr, and at that time a drying shed was added to the south end of the building. In later years, Grace & Co., manufacturers of meat grinders, had an office in the front part. This company occupied the Snook knife factory, located on S. Mill street, where meat grinders were finished for use. Grace & Co. were succeeded by Mr. Osterlow, picker of tobacco, as occupant of the Beard feed mill.

The old Beard Hotel, a long-standing landmark. Beach Beard came to the village in 1850. In 1854 he built the Beard Hotel building. He later built the flour mill, known as Beard's Mill, on Warren street, which was conducted by Huntington Beard. Beach Beard's principal interest was in the Ledyard dyke. He had a plaster mill and saw mill at High Bridge. His sons were Beach C., merchant -- he died in 1891; Henry, paper manufacturer--he died in 1888; Ira Beard, merchant, died in 1844; Huntington, miller, and a daughter, Ellen, who became Mrs. Robert Crouse.

The Beard Hotel building faced both on W. Genesee and S. Mill streets. On the ground floor, facing W. Genesee, were stores which, in early years were occupied by Jewett & Blanchard and H. H. Gage. Prior to the building of the Beard block, Henry Ecker, tailor, operated a shop on that site, and later in that block. At a later year a store was occupied by Nichols & Austin, Groceries and Hardware. Formerly, Mr. Austin was a partner in the firm of Wells & Austin, Hardware, and were located just across W. Genesee, where Frank Mott, Sr., conducted a hardware store. Some years later the firm of Nichols & Austin dissolved, and that business became known as V. H. Nichols & Son, who carried on the hardware business. M. C. Everingham became a clerk. Later, Everingham entered the grocery and dry goods business with Albert Carr, and became known as Everingham & Carr. They opened their store in the building on N. Mill street where, earlier, Hoag Bros. and Fred Lamphere conducted stores. Later, V. H. Nichols & Son went out of business, Everingham & Carr dissolved partnership, and Everingham came into possession of Nichols' store. V. H. Nichols stayed on, as clerk. When a part of the Beard Hotel building burned, partly destroying Everingham's store, Everingham acquired the west end of the building. He remodeled his stores and built a new second floor, using cement blocks. The room on the second floor became known as Everingham Hall. The archway and dressing rooms, once connected with Beard Hotel, were razed, and a stairway was built on the west end of the building, giving access to the hall.

Another store on the ground floor of the hotel was occupied by Dyer Strong around 1888, and who conducted a saloon and billiard parlor. He was also owner of the stage which shuttled to and from the village depot. A son, Fred, drove the stage. In later years, Fred operated the former Richard Smith saloon on the north side of Fayette St., Syracuse, next to the Grand Opera house. Mr. Smith became a New York State assemblyman. Dyer also operated a sprinkler wagon, which was used to lay dust on streets of the village, especially E. Genesee, which was a busy street in those times. J. H. Newman was bartender at Strong's saloon. Later, Strong went out of business, and George Ebeling opened a meat market there. Another room on the ground floor was occupied by Lawrence Mott, who conducted a bicycle repair shop.

On the second floor of the Beard Hotel, facing on W. Genesee, were a number of rooms which were entered by using a balcony, the entrance to this being on S. Mill street. For a while one room was used for gaming purposes, and that doesn't mean playing dominoes. Another room was occupied by Frank Allen (Negro), who conducted a barber shop. In earlier years he was coachman for the Beard family, whose residence was on E. Genesee.

The front of the Beard Hotel faced on S. Mill street. On the first floor there was a pool parlor, a reading room, bar room, kitchen and dining room. A wide hallway on the first floor, with stairs on each side of the hallway, led to the second floor, where there were sitting rooms and Beard Hall. Dances were often held in the Hall, and the orchestra was usually conducted by Addison Cole. Performances were often held there, also political speeches were delivered and, at times, medicine shows were presented, and other entertainments. James J. McGuire delivered a political speech, around 1896. The representative of a medicine show highly acclaimed the merits of his medicines, being an invaluable remedy for both man and beast, and sold at the exclusive price of $1.00 per bottle. Kickapoo Indian Snake Oil; its merits were unsurpassed. One of the shows to promote curiosity and to bring in the dollars, advertised that a man would be buried alive, under six feet of earth, where he would remain for two days, just south of the hotel barns. This proceeding was carried out, as advertised.

The Beard Hotel has had several different proprietors during the many years of its existence. To name a few in later years: Wilbur Mason, Sr., Norris Griffin, James Daley and Steve Talbot. In a more recent year, N. Bahouth acquired part of the hotel, facing on S. Mill street, and opened a shoe store, with repairing.

Abram H. Hoag building. He was a harness maker, and was succeeded by Mr. Bristol. George Barney later conducted a jewelry store on the ground floor. The upper part of the three-story building was occupied by Decker & Knapp, Undertaking and Furniture. Later, H. J. Knapp dissolved partnership with Decker, and carried on the business as H. J. Knapp, Undertaker and Furniture. He erected a large building, an addition to the Hoag block, to take care of his increased business. This building extended from the driveway of Dr. Quimby through to S. Mill street, having two stories facing Quimby's driveway, and three stories on S. Mill street. Above the top story was a large loft, the building having a mansard roof. A freight elevator was installed. At one time a fire partially destroyed part of the building. Allen Walrath was chief of the fire department, at that time. At a later date, the rooms above George Barney's jewelry store were remodeled, and at one time Dr. H. G. Thrall occupied them, having his office there. Finally, George Ebeling took possession, and moved his meat market from the Beard Hotel building to the store where George Barney once conducted his jewelry store. Later, Walter Norris took possession of Ebeling's market. In a more recent year, the Fayetteville Commercial Bank occupied the ground floor.

Dr. Theron E. Quimby family residence and office, with barn. He was president of the village from 1888 to 1890. In 1891 he was supervisor of the town of Manlius. Dr. Quimby was born in the town of Ontario, Wayne County in 1847, a son of David M., a farmer of that town. The doctor was educated in common schools and Walrath Academy. After leaving school he taught one season, then spent one year with Dr. J. D. Dunning, of Webster, N. Y. In 1867, he entered the medical department of the University of Michigan, at Ann Arbor, graduating in 1868, from the Western Reserve College, at Cleveland, Ohio. He started practice in 1868, at New London, Oneida county, in partnership with Dr. Babcock and remained in that town of two years. In 1870 he located in Fayetteville. The year 1888 he spent as physician at Auburn prison, but resigned the same year. Dr. Quimby was given credit by the citizens of the village of being the founder of the water works in the village. In 1870 he married Ann Elizabeth Abell, of New London. There was one daughter born, Katherine D., who attended the Fayetteville Academy. Later, David Reed acquired the Quimby property and opened a bakery there.

Nathan R. Chapman family residence. He was a lawyer. From 1836 to 1839, he was principal of the Fayetteville Academy. A son, Thomas, was a Civil War veteran. This property was later acquired by Levi Chapman, lawyer. When Dr. Coburn Badgley first came to the village, he opened his office in the basement of the Chapman home and occupied the living rooms. Later, Dr. Badgley moved to the opposite side of E. Genesee, where he had acquired a new home. The Chapman home was later occupied by Emmet Stanard, a painter. Finally Bert Lansing became occupant. He operated a limestone quarry south of Lyndon.

Dr. Coburn Badgley, son of Jacob R., a farmer, was born in Collamer in 1856. He graduated from the Chittenango Union Free School and Academy in 1881. In 1882 he entered the Chicago Homoeopathic College, graduating in 1885. In 1888 he located in Fayetteville, taking the place of Dr. Charles Baker. In 1885 the doctor married Hattie L. Smith of Collamer, and there were two children, Roy S. and Gregory.

A. Smith family residence. This property was later acquired by Mortimer W. Leach. He was born in the town of Manlius in 1847. His father, George Leach, came to the town in the early 1840's, where he followed the shoemaker's trade. Mortimer began, at the age of fifteen, working in a nursery and stayed there for eight years. He then bought a farm containing 115 acres, the greater part of which was devoted to the cultivation of nursery stock. He made his home on the farm until he died in 1892. He married Lena A., daughter of Lucius Hubbard, a farmer.

C. C. Barker family residence. This property was later acquired by Robert Crouse, who operated a foundry. At one time Huntington Beard lived in the Crouse home. Mrs. Robert Crouse was the mother of Florence and Huntington B. Crouse. Huntington Beard was associated for many years with his brother, Beach C., in a general store in the Beard Hotel building. Miss Florence Beard, granddaughter of Beach Beard, became the wife of Huntington B. Crouse, for many years a prominent business man and social leader in Syracuse. Later, Fayetteville's first library was opened in the Crouse home on Nov. 27, 1906.

Huntington Beard family residence and large barn. In early years Frank Allen (Negro) was coachman for the family. For many years, Emma Beard, well known in the village in recent years, resided in the home. At one time the barn was used for basket ball games.

Orlo D. Blanchard family residence. He and Henry N. Burhans were partners in the firm of Burhans &

Blanchard, Manufacturers of Sash, Blinds, and Doors. He was also one of the firm of Burhans & Black, Hardware Dealers in Syracuse. He was also cashier of the First National Bank of Fayetteville, in 1887. The Blanchard property was later acquired by O. D. Burhans who, for a number of years, was one of the firm of Burhans & Black.

Dr. Charles Baker family residence and office. This property was later acquired by Patrick Keohane, bookkeeper at Bangs & Gaynor's office, on N. Mill street. He was supervisor of the town of Manlius in 1903. Mr. Keohane moved to the Baker property from his former home at the corner of Orchard and Walnut streets. He remodeled the former office of Dr. Baker over into an apartment, for rental. Later, George Ebeling moved there. At that time George was village policeman, an office which he held for many years. When C. R. Eaton first came to the village, he moved into the apartment formerly occupied by Mr. Ebeling. Mr. Eaton established an undertaking and furniture business. At that time, Herbert Johnson, who was formerly employed by H. J. Knapp, became assistant. He was succeeded by Harry Goodfellow. Later, Harry left Mr. Eaton's employment and became assistant to Charles E. Cole, Undertaker and Furniture Dealer, in Manlius. Fred Parker succeeded Mr. Eaton as occupant in the Keohane apartment, having moved there from an apartment in the home of Dr. I. M. Slingerland. George E. Ebeling was the son of Frederick Ebeling, and was born in 1858.

H. L. Beard family residence and barn. After Mr. Beard passed away, a son, Fred, became owner of the property.

Mrs. Cunningham residence and barn. This property was later acquired by Ira L. Blanchard, a Civil War veteran. Later, Chester R. Eaton acquired the property. Mr. Eaton came to the village from Chittenango.

D. Burhans family residence, with barn facing on Warren street. This property was later acquired by Henry J. Knapp, a Civil War veteran and a former partner in the firm of Decker & Knapp. Henry J. Knapp was born in Cass County, Michigan, in 1843. William L., father of Henry, was born at Onondaga Hill in 1818. Joel Knapp, father of William L., was a native of Connecticut, and came to this county early in the present century, establishing a hat factory at Onondaga Hill. William L. always followed farming. William L. died in 1891. Henry J. Knapp was ten years of age when his parents came back to their native county. He lived on the farm in Dewitt until he was 18 years of age. The homestead came into his possession, and was conducted as a dairy farm. He was educated in common schools and Syracuse High School, which he was attending at the breaking out of the Civil War. He entered the service in 1862. After his return in 1865, he worked in the office of the city surveyor of Syracuse, until the spring of 1866, when he returned to the farm in Dewitt, which he conducted for three years and taught the district school winters. In 1869, he bought the interest of David H. Decker, of the firm of J. & D. H. Decker, in the furniture and undertaking business in Fayetteville. The firm's name was Decker & Knapp for fourteen year, and in 1883, Mr. Knapp bought out the senior partner. In 1868 Mr. Knapp married Katherine M. Duff of Fayetteville, daughter of John Duff, and they were parents of four sons: Hubert C.; Ernest C.; Arthur H., and Carroll D. Mr. Knapp was president of the village for one year, in 1893. At one time William Sullivan was assistant to Mr. Knapp. Sullivan was succeeded by Herbert Johnson. In a more recent year, Dr. George J. Bryan acquired the Knapp property.

One day in the summer of 1909 Mr. Knapp stopped in front of his home to talk with the painters who were painting his house. During the conversation, he remarked: "The world is like a bubble; the inside pressure is getting greater, and when it expands to its greatest possible proportions, then it can no longer withstand the energy within, and the bubble bursts." His announcement lingers on, as of today, the world is going to the dogs.

J. Ecker family residence. This property was later acquired by Col. M. B. Birdseye, a Civil War veteran. He married John Ecker's daughter. Another daughter, Fannie, was a teacher of the eighth grade in the Fayetteville High School. In a more recent year this property was acquired by Dr. George J. Bryan, who used the house for rental.

W. C. Hurd family residence. This property was later acquired by Frank M. Severance, who was in early years cashier at the Farmer's Bank.

A lot on the Hurd property, just east of the Severance home, was acquired by Dr. Nelson Wilbur, and he erected his home there. His office was in the home. Dr. Wilbur's former office was in the south part of the Grove Hotel. Dr. Wilbur was born in Unadilla in 1840. He was educated in the Oswego Academy and Dartmouth College, entering in 1860 and graduating with a degree, an A. B., in 1864. He taught school for three years, then took up the study of medicine with Dr. Allen of Oswego, attending lectures at the medical department of the University of Buffalo, graduating in 1870. In 1874 he located in Fayetteville. Dr. F. M. Byington retired at that time and Dr. Wilbur took his place. He married in 1875. A familiar sight, to see the doctor making a house call with horse and buggy. A family doctor who probably knew less about medicine and more about his patients, for he had the human warmth of old-time practitioners. His eldest daughter, Clara, Latin teacher at the Fayetteville High School, lived in the home for many years.

H. H. Gage family residence. He was a village merchant, who conducted a business under the name of Henry H. Gage & Son, General Dry Goods, Hats, Caps, Boots, Shoes, Clothing and Groceries. Mrs. H. H. (Matilda Joslyn) Gage was associated with Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Susan Anthony and others in the early days of the cause of Women Suffrage. She also delivered addresses and did considerable writing on the subject of women's Rights. A daughter, Miss Maud Gage, became the wife of L. Frank Baum, author of many popular books and the play "Wizard of Oz." (Aside: In June, 1872, a square-jawed, indomitable spinster faced a federal judge in a court room. The prisoner at bar was Susan B. Anthony and she was accused of casting her vote in defiance of the law. She had led 14 women through a crowd of men in a Rochester barber shop to demand and to be granted the right to vote. The judge, Hunt, directed a verdict of guilty. The suffragist was fined $100.00 which she never paid.) The Gage property has changed hands several times in the last 40 years.

Mrs. Wells property. This was later acquired by Robert Eaton, who was in early years assistant cashier at the First National Bank of Fayetteville. Fred, a son, worked in Syracuse. Mariam, a daughter, was a music teacher.

Mrs. O. Hyde residence. She was known as Sarah by her friends. The small house was later acquired by Charles L. Collin, for a summer home.

The Methodist Church and horse sheds. All churches except the Catholic church maintained horse sheds for members who drove to church from out of town. The Methodist denomination established the church around 1840. All churches in 1890 had church bells.

J. J. Hurd family residence. This property was later acquired by George Barney, jeweler. Deacon Philip Flint came here in 1828 and later moved from a farm to the village. A son, Frederick Flint, played a prominent part in the early growth and development of Los Angeles, Calif. Mrs. James J. Hurd and Mrs. George Barney were two of Philip Flint's daughters.

The Presbyterian Church. For many years the village clock was located atop the belfry. For a number of years, Wm. Agan was sexton. Early meetings of the Presbyterians living in or near Fayetteville, were held in the upper district school house, the first meeting was held in the home of David Collin, who lived about a mile east of the village, and in 1820 a society was formed, many members being from the Manlius society. Through the combined efforts of Christians of several denominations a church edifice was erected in 1830, the first church in the village. John McViccar, James Stewart and Philip Flint were the first ruling elders, the original membership being twenty-three. The first regular pastor was Rev. Amos C. Tuttle, in 1837. This first church remained until 1857, when designing to build another, which was rededicated under the pastorate of Rev. Lewis H. Reid, in 1857. Richard F. Cleveland, father of President Grover Cleveland, was pastor of the church from 1841 to 1850.

Presbyterian parsonage. This home was later occupied by Charles Pratt, foreman at the Meat Block factory, in High Bridge, which was once known as Elkhorn. Later, Millward Pratt, brother of Charles and grandson of Seymour Pratt, acquired the property.

Episcopal Church, with horse sheds on Chapel street. Trinity Church, Episcopal, of Fayetteville, was organized in 1830, and in the following year a church building was erected, which was consecrated in 1832. The church was for several years a missionary charge, and the first resident missionary was Rev. J. B. Engle, sent there in 1837. The first church became inadequate and in 1870 a new stone church was erected. DeLancy Bartlett, father of DeLancy F. and Dr. Fred Bartlett, was deeply interested in church affairs. Around 1920, a strong wind toppled the spire, and from that time the church has been without a steeple.

Mrs. L. Tremain residence, with large lot which extended along the east side of Chapel street of the S. Snow property. A Mr. Stillson had a mercantile business about 1840 on the site of the Tremain property. Later the Hawley family acquired the Tremain property. In a more recent year Dr. Badgley bought the property, moving there from farther west on E. Genesee.

The Raymond Hotel stood just east of the Tremain house, and was burned with the store about 1840.

The first Baptist House of Worship was erected in 1831, now the site of the Odd Fellows building. A Baptist society was formed at Fayetteville as early as 1800, over which Rev. Daniel Campbell was one of the first pastors. Elder Breed was also an early worker. Meetings were held in the school, near the Kinne cemetery. A council was called in 1804 at which Father Bennett and Elder John Peck were present, and about twenty members organized the church. The Baptist House of Worship was abandoned when the new church was erected in 1872. The property changed hands several times. In 1891 there was a grocery store in the front part. In the rear of the store were class rooms. There was no room for new scholars in the old academy, and classes were held in those rooms, awaiting the finishing of the new Fayetteville High School, at the corner of E. Genesee and N. Manlius streets. Mrs. Slingerland, wife of Dr. I. M. Slingerland, was school commissioner of this district. Later the building was acquired by Joseph Totten, who remodeled the building over into a hotel. A stage was erected at the south end of the ballroom, and dances were held there, also other entertainments were staged. Joe was also a horse trader. Chauncy Buss was hostler. The hotel was sold later to a Mrs. Knowlton, and was succeeded by Herbert Snyder, who carried on the hotel business. Finally the property was acquired by the Odd Fellows, who moved there from the Walrath Hall, just across E. Genesee, where they had held their meetings. The Odd Fellows did some remodeling, making the hotel rooms over into two apartments, on the second floor. The ground floor was retained for kitchen and dining room purposes. The ballroom, or hall, was also retained for their meetings, although at times it was used for dances and other entertainments. John Pike, Stickley employee, occupied one apartment. James Murray, blacksmith, occupied the other one, moving there from Elm street.

R. Morgan residence and large lot. Later, James M. Tillotson acquired this property and the site of the former George L. Taylor shoe factory and store, who employed several hands. Mr. Taylor operated a tannery just south of the shoe factory. He abandoned the tannery and later built quite an extensive tannery on Bishop's brook, on N. Manlius street. N. P. Sitts worked in the shoe factory when first coming to the village. When J. M. Tillotson first came to the village he opened a meat market in the former Blackman residence, which was later acquired by Samuel Wein, who opened a store there, with living rooms, having moved there from the Walrath building. Mr. Tillotson's first residence in the village was on Clinton street. J. M. Tillotson was born in the town of Pompey in 1843. Dudley, his father, was a native of Connecticut, and came to this county when a young man, about 1810. He was a farmer, and lived in Pompey but a short time, then moved to Otselic, where he died in 1853. James M. was educated in common schools, Manlius Academy and the Ames Business College of Syracuse. He then followed farming in Madison Co., until 25 years of age, at which time he moved to Fayetteville and established a meat market, which after five years merged into a general store. The store, at the corner of Spring and E. Genesee streets, was erected in 1888. In 1866, he married H. Adell, daughter of Hiram Hopkins of Manlius. There was one daughter, Jessie H. Tillotson, who later married Arthur Hopkins, son of Edward Hopkins, building contractor.

Tillotson's store, like all stores in those times, around 1895, was heated by a stove, and many groceries came in bulk form, like tea, which came in large boxes lined with tea lead. The outside of the boxes were covered with rattan. Coffee came in bulk, also in paper bags, unground. Coffee was ground by hand in a coffee mill, and was retailing at 15 to 25 cents per pound. Crackers came in barrels, at 8 cents per pound. Sugar came in barrels and was taken from them and stored in sugar bins. Molasses came in barrels, and a customer usually brought his own container. Cheese was kept in a cheese case. Peas, corn and tomatoes were usually eight cents a can. Asparagus began appearing on the market in cans. Red salmon was twelve cents a can. Spices came in bulk. Potatoes, lowest price was twenty-five cents per bushel, later going up to fifty cents.

Coal oil (kerosene), also know as Headlight oil, was pumped up from a tank in the cellar, and a customer brought along either a five-gallon can or a glass container, enforced with a metal case. The gallon container had a spout on one side of the top, and a small potatoe was usually stuck on the spout to keep oil from slopping. In those times oil was delivered by a tank wagon, which was drawn by four mules. Oil was drawn from the tank wagon into heavy metal fifteen-gallon cans with large bales, carried down cellar and dumped into the cellar tank. The man who delivered the oil had a hunchback son who drove the mules.

Fruits were brought in by Frank Battle, a fruit dealer of Manlius. Bananas were fifteen cents a dozen, but

anyone could buy a whole bunch of bananas from hucksters for seventy-five to eight-five cents. Ernest Edwards, of Lyndon, brought in cantaloupes. Crackers, cookies, bread, etc., were delivered to the store by a stage-like wagon and team. Norm Carpenter was the salesman from the National Biscuit Co. A familiar sight in those days was Billie Madison, a farmer who lived about one mile and a half east of the village. He came to do is trading, talk about the weather, discuss farm crop prices and politics, while munching crackers and cheese.

In those days an excellent cigar could be bought for a nickel. Old Briar Pipe smoking tobacco, coming in cloth sacks, was a standard brand, at five cents a package. In sweet chewing tobacco, there was the brand of Green Turtle, a plug tobacco with a small green metal piece in the form of a turtle, stuck on each plug. If only a half plug was asked for, the store had a machine with a hand-operated knife which cut the plug in two. There was the brand of Polar Bear, which had a small picture of a polar bear stuck on each package. Those sort of seals were accepted as coupons. There were also coupons in packaged coffee which came from Thalheimer's wholesale store in Syracuse. There was a plain chewing tobacco, Little Yara, better known as Kitefoot. Then, too, there were the different brands of snuff, which was used by elderly men and women.

J. M. Tillotson maintained a meat market in the rear of his store. In those days meat markets usually did their own slaughtering. He kept chickens, which were dressed on the premises, for Saturday's trade. They retailed for twelve to eighteen cents per pound. Turkeys from twenty to twenty-five. Round steak was two pounds for a quarter. Porterhouse and sirloin, eighteen to twenty cents. Pork loin, eight to nine cents, for a whole loin. Butter was twenty cents. Lard, eight to nine cents. Tillotson sold a considerable quantity of his own home tried-out lard. Hearts, liver, kidneys and tongues were given free to customers. Oysters could be bought wholesale by anyone for $1.00 per gallon, by ordering from the Manlius expressman Lew Adsit, and paying a charge of ten cents for delivery. All meats were well-trimmed, with much of the bone removed.

In later years Tillotson made his own sausage, which became widely known. For a number of years a man from south of Manlius brought a beef critter to the store, once or twice a month. Dan Keene supervised the meat market. Later, Dan left the store and moved to Kirkville, where he opened a grocery store and meat market. Levi Worden became clerk and delivery boy for a while, at Tillotson's store. He was succeeded by Alva Reed, who soon became meat cutter, staying on for many years in the store that did business under the names of J. M. Tillotson, Tillotson & Hopkins, Suiter & Williams and J. J. Cashin, until Cashin retired.

Tillotson's barn and other buildings faced on Spring street. Just south of the barn was a large lot, on which he raised tobacco for a number of years. He used the building which in earlier years was the finishing room of Applegate & Noble, Furniture Manufacturers, on John street, for curing his harvested tobacco. He also raised tobacco on a lot on the Louis Hatch farm, and hanging his tobacco in Hatch's barn, on the north side of Salt Springs street. Tillotson also kept bees. After Mr. Tillotson passed away, David Hickey, coal dealer, acquired the Tillotson residence. David Hickey, whose father, John, was born in Ireland in 1837, was born in Pompey in 1876, and was raised on a farm.

The Village Park, earlier known as the Village Green, borders on E. Genesee, on the north, Salt Springs, on the south, and S. Manlius street, on the east. In early years there was a white picket fence surrounding the park except for a sidewalk which gave access to the Fayetteville High School. Several quite large trees grew in the park, one of which was an evergreen. In later years the evergreen was used for a Christmas tree, being decorated with many colored electric lights. Near the west end of the park was a village cistern used for fire purposes. Water would be drawn from the cistern by a handpumper, through a suction hose. The pumper was drawn along by either men or a horse. Men would stand on the pumper, grasp the pumping bar, which worked up and down, and pump rapidly, while firemen directed a stream of water in a nearby building that was on fire. There were other cisterns or places located around the village where water could be drawn for fire purposes. Hose carts were usually drawn by hand. The first fire company was organized in 1845, and reorganized as fire Company No. 1, in 1854. The Hydraulic Company (fire and hose) was organized in 1861. On the east side of the park was a bandstand where the village band would give recitals. Later, the bandstand was moved to the corner of S. Manlius and Salt Springs street.

In a later year a granite watering trough was erected just west of the park, and the surrounding area of the trough was paved with brown paving stones. The trough was donated to the village by Col. John F. Gaynor, in 1893, and dedicated to the memory of his father, Edward Gaynor. Boynton Bros., Marble Works, were the designers and contractors who erected the trough. When the village began improving E. Genesee with a concrete pavement, the trough was moved to the east side of the park. The paving stones were acquired by George Ebeling, who later used them in the erection of his new home, on Walnut street. The white picket fence, which was abandoned in an earlier year, was bought by Abram Salg.

Church of the Immaculate Conception, earlier known as the Roman Catholic church. The origin of this society was founded by several families of Manlius and Fayetteville, between 1846 and 1855. Father Cahill from Cazenovia was the first priest to visit Fayetteville, and held service in the home of John Farrel. The Catholics of Fayetteville, in 1859, determined to build a church, but it was not until 1872 that the church was dedicated. In 1874 Francis O'Reilly pastor of the Roman Catholic church. Father Joyce was a well-known priest of the 1890's. He was also an avid baseball fan. The Catholic church was built on the site of the old Eagle Hotel, of which Walter Worden, Samuel D. Luce and others were proprietors.

The Kinne Cemetery, just east of the Catholic church. Cyrus Kinne built the first frame house in the village. The Kinne home was located just east of the cemetery. Descendants of the family still retain the cemetery site, although the bones of their forebears have been removed. Many descendants of Cyrus Kinne, who are business men or farmers, are still living in or near East Syracuse. When Kinne erected his home, there was but a little clearing in the forest and did not even have a name. In 1791, Joshua Knowlton and Origen Eaton located on the site of Fayetteville, and began clearing their lands. They were followed in the same locality by Cyrus Kinne, who at once opened a shop in which he followed his trade of blacksmithing, a great convenience to his fellow pioneers. Kinne was chairman of the first town meeting in Manlius, and was magistrate for many years. He died in 1808. At one time he operated the Kinne tavern, which was on the site of the later Cottage Hotel, operated by a Mr. Scollard, at the corner of E. Genesee and N. Manlius streets.

The Kinne family, the ancestry of which is traced back to Henry Kinne, who, it is believed, was born in 1624, at Norfolk, England, where his father, Sir Thomas Kinne, lived, and settled at Salem, Mass., in 1653. Cyrus, the progenitor of the family in this county, was born in Voluntown, Conn., in 1746, being one of six children, and removed in 1779 to Rensselaer county, N. Y. In 1791, while at Troy, he heard of a sale of State lands in Onondaga county, and after examining the map made a journey to examine them, and bought several lots situated in the town of Manlius. Returning home he quickly closed his business, and in March, 1792, he started with his four sons and one horse, a yoke of oxen, and a sled laden with some utensils and supplies to occupy his purchase. West of Utica they had to cut much of their road and ford every stream, for there were no bridges. They reached what is now Fayetteville early in the following April. In June he returned and brought the remainder of his family to the log cabin which had been built. The nearest grist mill at that time was at Oneida, and Albany the nearest market, and salmon were caught with pitchforks. Pigs and chickens had to be housed at night to save them from the wolves. Kinne was the first blacksmith in the village. In later years, the home where Cyrus Kinne once lived, was occupied by the Howell family, and later purchased by the Armstrong family. Dean Howell, the eldest son, studied for the ministry at the Cazenovia Seminary. Carl Williams was later an occupant of the home, which was then known as the Armstrong tenant house. Collin Armstrong, 2nd., later built his new home on this property.

Ethan Armstrong family residence and farmland. He was father to Augustus T. Armstrong, who later acquired the property. Augustus T. established the insurance company bearing his name, and which is still carried on by his sons, Collin, 2nd., and Donald. There was an older son, Merwin. Augustus's sister, Geneva, lived in the home. A part of the Armstrong farmland was located on the north side of E. Genesee, just east of the railroad. Among the descendants of the Collin family, Collin Armstrong, 1st, was for many years financial editor of the New York Sun when Charles A. Dana was owner and editor. Collin Wells was professor of Sociology at Dartmouth College. Augustus T. Armstrong passed away in 1919.

At this point a road on the Chenango R. R. property leads south to the Fayetteville Creamery, which was operated by F. E. Ellis. Fred Cathers succeeded Ellis as operator. Dwight Eastman was engineer at that time. Hiram Garlock, carpenter and builder, acquired a small piece of land just east of the creamery, erected a coalyard and office, and opened a coal business. At that time coal was $6.50 per ton.

A road on the east side of the railroad property leads south to Potter & Tracy's coalyard.

Potter & Tracy coalyard office. When B. H. Tracy first came to the village he opened a coalyard with Fred Potter, who was a former partner of Arthur Coon. They conducted a downtown grocery store. Potter & Tracy acquired a small piece of land just east of the railroad, formerly owned by the Bangs Estate, and erected a small office and coalyard, then entering the coal business. Later, Potter & Tracy dissolved partnership. Tracy continued on with the business. He later expanded his business, adding a lumber yard. He acquired the property just east of the old coal office from Mrs. Allen Walrath, and built a new larger office, and later, after acquiring more land, he erected large lumber storage buildings. When Hiram Garlock retired from his coal business, Tracy absorbed his holdings.

Allen Walrath family residence and barn. This home was built on a lot formerly owned by the Bangs Estate. Allen was a painter and steeplejack, and one time chief of the fire department. The greater part of his work was done in Syracuse. He had the contract of painting and finishing the Syracuse High School. He was also owner of the building known as Walrath Hall and blacksmith shop, just east of the Hall.

Peter Castle family residence and barn. This home was built on a lot formerly owned by the Bangs Estate. Mr. Castle was a Civil War veteran. For a number of years he worked at the Collin's saw mill, on Orchard street, before retiring. For a while, after retiring, he delivered meat for George Ebeling, with horse and buggy. Fred, a son, was a painter. Later, Charles Norton, a carpenter, occupied the home.

The Catholic cemetery. This land was acquired from the Bangs Estate.

Bangs Estate, which bordered on the south side of E. Genesee, from the railroad to the Ambrose Clark farm. Later, Ambrose Clark acquired a large part of this estate for farmland. He erected a large dwelling house there. The dwelling house and barns were later acquired by Joseph Hill. This property then extended along E. Genesee from the Catholic cemetery to the Ambrose Clark farm, and south, to border on Salt Springs street. In a more recent year Wm. Hunt, who came to the village from California, acquired the Joseph Hill residence and farm property.

Ambrose Clark, Jr., family residence and farmland, with tenant house, occupant unknown. The greater part of his farmland lay north of E. Genesee. The farmland on the south side of E. Genesee extended east, to border on Bishop's brook. Ambrose Clark, father to Ambrose, Jr., was born in 1809. He settled on this farm in 1835. The families of Gardner-Pierson, Tremain, Seward-Noble, Armstrong and Wells, belonged to the clan of families of Ambrose Smith. Ambrose Clark, Delancy Bartlett and Charles Mead, in a more remote relationship. All of these have been connected with the agricultural, educational and social affairs of the village.

On the north side of the bridge spanning the brook was a "turnout" from the road, where a horse could be driven down to drink from the brook. Then driving through the brook, the driver could again have access to the road. Most of the roads where streams crossed had such watering places. There also were wooden watering troughs on country roads, and which were kept filled with water piped from a nearby spring.

David Collin, 3rd., farmland on the south side of E. Genesee. This farmland extended along the south side of E. Genesee, from Bishop's brook east to the road coming from Manlius. Later, a part of this farmland was given to Charles L. Collin, son of David, and he erected his home there. He was also given a large tract of land on the north side of E. Genesee. In a more recent year, Dana Wells acquired the farmland on the south side of E. Genesee, opposite the David Collin homestead, and erected a large barn, a small barn and tenant house. Lee Rogers was tenant and farmhand, at one time. Finally this property was acquired by B. H. Tracy.

Charles L. Collin, son of David Collin, 3rd., residence, barn and farmland on the south side of E. Genesee. This farmland extended east, to border on the road from Manlius. At one time there was an enclosure just east of his home, where he kept two fawns.

Farm tenant house, on the C. L. Collin property, occupant unknown.

District school house, on the C. L. Collin property.

Part of N. Seward original farmland. Later, Wm. (Billie) Madison acquired the Seward farmland which bordered on both sides of E. Genesee. Just south of Madison's barn, on the south side of E. Genesee, there was a large piece of woods where, at one time, there was a body of water known as Hermit Lake, which later was drained, after a boy from Dry Hill drowned there. Some years later the bed of the lake was overgrown with trees.

S. J. Wells farmland, with tenant house and barn. The tenant house was occupied by Barney Overhizer, who operated the farm. Later, Overhizer left the farm and moved to a mid-western state. A son also left and opened a bakery in Syracuse. Dana Wells, son of S. J. Wells, then operated the farm, and at one time, Carl Williams, son of Edwin Williams, was a farmhand.

The Gardner-Pierson, Tremain families lived farther east on E. Genesee. Tremain owned a piece of land extending from E. Genesee, north to the Erie Canal, taking in part of the land on the east side of lower Green Lake. The property on the lake was known as Tremain Park, a well-known picnic ground in early years. The Park, bordering on the canal, was the site of many farmers' annual picnics, from the town of Manlius. Packet boats transported picnickers to the park, also barrels of beverages for those who imbibed. There was an open-air pavilion for dancing, a small restaurant with bar room, large ice house, picnic tables and a community stove where one could make coffee or warm up a picnic dinner. There was also a water pump and hitchracks for horses. The outlet of Green lake flowed through a culvert under the Erie Canal. There were rowboats for rent. At one time, for entertainment, a man walked a tight wire across the lake. Another time, a balloon ascension was made. Later, Truman Hildreth operated the park. He was succeeded by John Gaugel, who leased the picnic ground for a year or two. Among the descendants of the Collin family, Fred T. Pierson became a widely known Rochester lawyer. Robert Pierson gained distinction in the United States Army during the first World War.

N. Seward family residence and farmland, which was later acquired by Wm. Madison. This farmland on the north side of E. Genesee extended north to near Round Lake, one of the Green Lakes, and west to border on the C. L. Collin farmland. Mr. Madison was a Civil War veteran. Later, Dana Wells, a son-in-law of Madison, became operator of the farm.

Charles L. Collin farmland, barns and tenant house, the occupant being unknown. This property, originally a part of the David Collin farm, extended north to near Round Lake, and the north part of this land was woodland. Charles L. kept a large number of sheep, which were driven each season to the dyke near the Collin saw mill and washed before shearing. A lane, dividing the farmland of C. L. Collin from his father's, led north to Round Lake and on to the Armstrong farm, farther north.

David Collin, father of David Collin, 3rd, brought his bride, Anna Smith, to Fayetteville in 1817, and settled upon a military tract purchase by his father in 1797. He was of Huguenot descent, a man of indomitable will and perseverance. He soon became possessor of thousands of acres in this and other states. He was one of the few to build the first church in Fayetteville. He was the father of six children. David, 3rd, was next to the oldest. The Collin homestead was built in 1822, and David, 3rd, was born there in 1824. He graduated from Troy Rensselaer Institute in 1843, and from that time he followed to some extent the career of his father. In 1845 he married Clara Park, of Otsego Co., who died in 1881. Nine children were born to them, three of whom resided in Fayetteville: Charles Lee; Miriam, who resided in the homestead, and William Taylor, fruit grower and farmer. David Collin, father of David, 3rd, passed away in 1888. A tenant house on the Collin farm, and on the lane leading to Round Lake, was occupied by George Daggett, a farmhand. The Collin farm in later years, consisting of 410 acres, extended west along E. Genesee, to border partly on Bishop's brook, which flowed through the farmland of Ambrose Clark. In the kitchen of the Collin homestead there was a large fireplace which would take in a good-sized log. In front of the home there was a white picket fence. Dwight Collin's house was burned.

Ambrose Clark farmland and barns, on the north side of E. Genesee, opposite his home. There was a large acreage extending north, to border on the Hubbell farm. A large piece of woods on a steep hill near the Hubbell farm was known as Clark's woods. Clark's farmland extended west, to border on a lane going north, crossing Bishop's brook and leading to the Hubbell farm, high on a hill overlooking Fayetteville. The Volles family operated the farm and lived in the farm house. The Volles family later moved to Woodchuck Hill. Clark's entire farm consisted of 413 acres. After the parents passed away, Frances, a daughter, managed the farm for many years.

Bordering on the west side of the lane leading to the Hubbell farm was the northeast part of A. T. Armstrong's farm, which extended north to border on part of the Hubbell farm and on part of W. T. Collin's farm. Near the north end of Armstrong's land was a piece of swampy ground where cedar trees grew along Bishop's brook, and known as Armstrong's swamp.

The Chenango R. R. was opened for business in 1874. It was first known as the Syracuse, Chenango & New York R. R. In 1883, the railroad passed to the control of the West Shore Co., and in 1885, passed to the control of the New York Central. The Chenango Branch was named by some wag as the Goathorn, due to the deviations in the line. At Fayetteville there was the main line and two side tracks. Trains operated between Syracuse and Erieville. The depot was quite a large building with the customary wide overhang of roof, and maintained a waiting room, office and freight room. Nellie Coughlin was station agent. E. Sitts, grandson of N. P. Sitts, was assistant at that time. Later, a nephew of Nellie Coughlin, Frank Coughlin, became assistant. Miller Howell, brother of Dean Howell, delivered freight by horse and wagon. Jimmy Weir was a well-known freight conductor at that time. The first locomotives used on the railroad had bell-topped smoke stacks. Later, a more modern type of engine was used, but keeping to the small type because the modern large type could not pass through the tunnel near Cazenovia Lake.

Around 1896, a freight train heavily loaded with ice which was being shipped from an ice house on Cazenovia Lake got out of control on the downgrade between the lake and Fayetteville, running wild, with brakes set and sparks flying, the whistle screaming the approach of the runaway train. The engineer left the cab to help slow down the train, and mounting to the top of a wild-rocking car, he braved the rushing wind, to locate brake wheels atop of each car. The runaway roared past the village depot and "made" the curve near Collin's wood without mishap but piled up into a heap of splintered freight cars near what was then known as Hutchinsville, a cluster of homes just north of Fayetteville. The engine, with tender, and freight car and caboose were the only part of the train that stayed on the tracks and escaped damage. Cakes of ice were thrown far into a field on the west side of the tracks. Knowing that it would take days to clear the track, a temporary track was laid around the pile of wrecked cars. The fireman had stayed in the cab of the engine and the brakemen had stayed in the caboose. None were hurt, but the engineer was missing, and was not found until two days later. A clue to where the missing engineer might be was given by Alf Tyler's dog, which scented the body. The engineer's body was found underneath the pile of wreckage, in a hollow space where the impact of the runaway cars had pushed a big boulder several feet from its former resting place.

Adjacent to the depot on the west side was a road leading to a coalyard, just north of the depot. Millward Pratt operated the coalyard. Frank Cross was teamster of the coal wagon. Later, Fred Lamphere, a downtown merchant, acquired the yard. Ed Goodfellow was teamster. Fred Mathews succeeded Lamphere, as operator. The coalyard was finally acquired by David Hickey, who later became one of the firm of Hickey & Mott, Coal Dealers.

Bordering on the west side of the road leading to the coalyard and on E. Genesee was a large vacant lot, originally owned by Mrs. Lucy Tremain. This property, consisting of many acres, extended north, to border on the W. T. Collin farm, and west to the property which Ed Williams later acquired. For many years the property remained vacant. At times, a part of it was used to raise field corn. A part of the lot on the west side and facing on E. Genesee was used for a number of years for baseball and football games. The same ground was also used at times for circuses. Sig Sautelle was one of the showmen who came to the village. In those days circuses were transported from town to town by teams and large wagons. In earlier years, transportation was made via the Erie Canal. In more recent years, this former vacant lot was used for the erection of homes. Dr. Wynkoop was the first to build, his home being just east of the ball grounds. The Wynkoop property was later acquired by Dr. McLennan. Some years later Abram Salg built his new home, just east of the home of Ed Williams. Later, Bert Salg, son of Abram Salg, and L. Stickley's son built their homes there.

Edwin Williams family residence and barn. Retired. He was a Civil War veteran. This property was formerly owned by A. Grove. Ed's sons were: Charles; Fred; Frank, a Pompey farmer; Pearl, a barber; Clint; Carl and Arthur. One daughter, Nellie, married Abram Salg. His other daughter, Lillian, married Bert Goodfellow.

Mrs. Tuttle family residence. The home was later used for a tenant house, and was occupied by Tobias Goodfellow. Later, John Woodworth and family became tenants. Mr. Woodworth was a musician and father of Sammy Woodworth who for a number of years later was connected with the W. F. B. L. Broadcasting Co., at the Onondaga Hotel. Later the Woodworth family moved to Syracuse.

Mrs. Duffy, later known as Mrs. Grady, family residence. There were two sons, Mike Duffy and Joe Grady. Joe Grady married Charles Hueber's younger sister, and went to live on John street. The Duffy property was later acquired by Edna Sales, adopted daughter of Myron Bangs, and the home was remodeled and used for a tenant house. Mrs. Frank Harter became occupant.

Myron Bangs family residence and barn. He was a brother of Eli T. Bangs, and at one time was president of the Farmer's Bank, which was organized in 1870. The adopted daughter, Edna Sales, married in a more recent year and lived in the home for a number of years.

Fayetteville High School. This building was erected in 1889. Carey Coates opened the first tavern in the village, in 1801. Later, the Eagle Hotel was opened and located where the Catholic church now stands. Then Scollard's Hotel, then known as the Cottage Hotel, was opened on the site of the former Kinne tavern. In a later year Scollard's Hotel property was acquired by Mrs. G. H. McGuire and operated by Patrick Lyons. The new school was erected on the site of this hotel. The author well remembers the hotel, witnessed the demolition of the building and the excavation of the basement of the school. The school had a number of different principals during the years of its existence. During the author's school days there were Frank J. House, Prof. Chase and Prof. Williams. To name some of the teachers who taught school there, from 1889 to 1900: Miss Abby Andros, the oldest teacher; Miss Fannie Ecker, teacher of the 8th grade; Caroline Pratt; Susie Babcock, who later married Percy B. Jarvis; Mary Dowd, Anna Coughlin, Clara Arms, Margaret O'Brien, who later married J. J. Cashin; Miss Smith and Miss Helen Gregg. "Jim" Goodfellow was the first janitor, and he held that position for many years. Fred Potter succeeded Jim, and stayed on until the school was abandoned and razed. On an Arbor Day the author helped plant the trees which grew along E. Genesee and along the west side of the school.

Anna O'Brien residence. She was a dressmaker. At one time Wm. Edgerton, painter, occupied part of the home. This property was originally owned by J. O'Brien, Anna's father.

S. A. June property. This property, a vacant lot, was later acquired by Allen Walrath, who erected a store with a hall on the second floor. The hall was rented by the Odd Fellows, and they held their meetings there, until they moved to the Odd Fellows building, just across E. Genesee. Several years later, after Walrath erected the store, he built a blacksmith shop, just east of the store. Around 1895 Charles Hueber opened a grocery store in the Walrath building. He was succeeded by Sam Wein, who operated a fruit store. Sam later moved to the Blackman building, on Salt Springs street. After Sam moved, the store was rented by an Italian huckster, who also sold fruit, candy and tobacco, when not out on his route. Later, a grocery store and meat market was opened by Mr. Hotchkiss. He was succeeded by John D. Nichols, who opened a grocery and hardware store. Frank Mott, Jr., has a tinshop in a room in the rear of Nichols' store.

Blacksmith shop, on the Wands Hotel property. At one time the shop was operated by James Murray. He moved later to the Walrath blacksmith shop. Then Fred Osborn, blacksmith, occupied the shop Murray vacated. Above the Wands' blacksmith shop was a paint shop, which at one time was occupied by J. H. Newman. Blacksmith shops were places where men gathered, whether they came for having horses shod or for general conversation, and no one was accused of being tongue-tied. Such discussions took in the whole range of civic affairs, politics and the characteristic traits of villagers, when said villagers were not present. These meetings were held, regardless of the shop being in a blue haze created by the forge, the odor of a scorching hoof, when a hot shoe was being fitted, or the ringing of the anvil, while the blacksmith pounded out a shoe and fitted on calks.

Wands Hotel, with barn and horse sheds. This hotel was formerly known as the Goodrich House. Arthur Wands was proprietor. Wm. (Bill) Cummings was bartender. This property was originally owned by J. Curtiss. Jacob Hullar finally acquired the hotel property, and carried on the same business. In an earlier year, before Wands acquired the property, Pearl Williams and Richard Smith were in business in the hotel building for a short time.

Miss Slater residence. Later, the home was occupied by Frank Mott, Jr., who opened a tinshop. He moved later to a room in the rear of J. D. Nichols' store. Harry Cramer, tinsmith, succeeded Mott in the tinshop in the Slater home. Later, Pearl Williams acquired the Slater property, remodeled the house and built on an addition on the east side, where he opened a barber shop. Pearl moved there from Orchard street. Formerly he operated a barber shop in the millinery shop which was formerly maintained by Mrs. Jack Taylor.

Applegate family residence. This property was originally owned by Mrs. Chapman. Later, Oliver (Ollie) Reals was occupant of the home. He was a stone cutter and engraver, employed at the Boynton Bros. monument shop, at the corner of Elm and N. Mill streets. He later moved to Manlius. He married a daughter of Jerome Patterson, of High Bridge. After Ollie moved, the home was occupied by Ed Borrows, employee at Stickley's. Finally Pearl Williams acquired the property and later the house was bought by John Thompson and moved to his property on Green St.

Baptist Church parsonage. Around 1895 it was occupied by the Rev. Williams. Later, the property was acquired by E. A. Winchell.

The Baptist Church. A Baptist society, and all early settlers were Baptists, was formed at Fayetteville as early as 1800, over which Rev. Daniel Campbell was one of the first pastors. Elder Breed was also an early worker. The first meetings were held in the little brown school house, near the Kinne location, just east of the Catholic church. A council was called in 1804, at which Father Bennett and Elder John Peck were present, and about twenty members were present. A real meeting house was not built until 1831, which is now the present Odd Fellows building. Allen Breed was the second pastor and son of the first pastor, an early settler. Allen Breed became a nationally known Baptist preacher in Boston, Mass. Finally, the Baptists erected their church in 1859, and it remained there at the corner of Academy and E. Genesee streets until in a more recent year it was demolished. In the rear of the church was the sexton's house, also horse sheds. The author believes that the church was built on the site of a building occupied by Deacon Robert Stewart, wagon maker.

Dr. Curtis Hurd family residence. The family was well known in the village. Mrs. Wm. T. Collin was a member of the same family. Miss Fannie Ecker, who was a teacher in the Fayetteville High School, was a granddaughter. (She was the author's teacher in the 8th grade.) The Hurd property was finally acquired by Roger Jones who, at that time, was connected with the Fayetteville Commercial Bank.

George Sisson family residence. This property was originally owned by Mr. W. Eaton. Mr. Sisson was a partner in the firm of Collin, Arnold & Sisson, manufacturers of furniture. At a later year, Walter Smith, an employee at the Smith typewriter factory in Syracuse, acquired the Sisson property.

William Austin family residence. This property was originally owned by Mrs. Lord. Mr. Austin was a Civil War veteran. He was also Supervisor of the Town of Manlius in 1874. He was president of the village from 1889 to 1892. For a number of years he was a partner in the firm of Nichols & Austin, Hardware Dealers. Earlier, he was one of the firm of Wells & Austin, Dealers in Hardware, Iron, Stoves and Coal. This firm operated a coalyard on the feeder near Bangs & Gaynor's lime mill. In 1903 Mr. Austin became justice of the peace. A son, Clarence, was a lawyer.

Sheldon S. Pratt family residence. He was a son of Seymour Pratt. Sheldon's sons were: Charles, Millward and Fred. In a more recent year this property was acquired by Mrs. Millward, who moved there from W. Genesee. Henry Clark, a relative, also occupied the Millward home and was at one time assistant district attorney.

Dr. Frederick Cook family residence. A veterinarian. This property was originally owned by C. S. Noble. Dr. Cook formerly lived at the corner of W. Genesee and Highbridge streets. In a barn at the rear of the house on E. Genesee, he kept both cows and horses. Around 1890, a good share of the families in the village kept horses and cows, along with pigs and chickens.

Hervey Edwards Estate. At a later year, Beach Beard acquired a lot on this property and built his home. He was a grandson of Beach Beard, who came to Fayetteville in 1850 and became active in mercantile, milling and social affairs, with his sons, Beach C. and Henry L. Beard. Beach C. Beard built the house which was later acquired by John Ecker, postmaster in the 1890's. Later the Ecker home was occupied by John's daughter, Mrs. Irving Perry.

Deacon Hervey Edwards family residence, a colonial house which he built at the corner of E. Genesee and Edwards streets. Edwards street was formerly known as Edwards lane. He was an early merchant in the village, his store being located at the corner of Salt Springs and S. Manlius streets. He was, during its existence, one-time president of the Fayetteville National Bank. Later, this property was acquired by Fred Lamphere, merchant and coal dealer. In a later year Mrs. Kinne acquired the property, which was finally acquired by Wm. Peckham, and moved there from S. Manlius street. He was a lawyer, and at one time, assistant district attorney.

Col. John F. Gaynor family residence. John F. was born in Fayetteville in 1850. His father, Edward Gaynor, was born in County Kerry, Ireland, and came to America in 1849, settling in Fayetteville in 1850. For many years he was engaged in the manufacture of cement and plaster, and died in 1890. His wife was Catherine Kennedy, born in Ireland and died in Fayetteville in 1879. John F. Gaynor was educated in the Fayetteville Academy, and at the age of fourteen years he engaged with his father as clerk and bookkeeper in the cement and plaster business, and continued in that business until 1878, when he started in the business which he followed and in which he met success. He had contracts in the U. S. government for building jetty and harbor work at many places along the Atlantic coast and at Richmond, Va., and had large contracts in Chile, S. America, also had large contracts for harbor work in Mexico. John F. married Mary Ann Gallagher of Oneida, N. Y. There were two children: John F., Jr., and Catherine L. Mrs. Gaynor died in 1887. Anna, a sister of John F. Gaynor, and William, a brother, lived in the home. A familiar sight at the Gaynor home was the big iron dog on the front lawn. A stone wall fronted the property. John (Jack) Hopkins was caretaker and hostler. The Gaynor home was on the site of the former J. W. Moulter property.

Porter Tremain family residence. This property was originally owned by D. Palmer. Tremain was a president, at one time, during the existence of the Fayetteville National Bank. Later, the Tremain property was acquired by Robert Dunlop, who moved there from W. Genesee.

Charles H. VanSchaick family residence. This property was originally owned by Walden A. Tibbitts, who in early years conducted a general store, selling dry goods, boots and shoes, groceries, provisions, hats, caps and crockery. He was a brother of Dr. Frank G. Tibbitts, dentist. Charles H. VanSchaick was born in 1839 and educated at the Cazenovia Seminary. He started farming in 1860, and in 1880 he returned to Fayetteville, then moved to the farm. In 1873 he married, and there were two children, Hortense and Forest. Later, for a while, the VanSchaick home was occupied by Joe Lynch, motorman on the Suburban trolley line. In a more recent year Dr. George J. Bryan acquired the property, which he used for rental.

Dr. Israel Madison Slingerland family residence and office. This property was originally owned by Col. John Sprague, who was an early settler. Later, it was acquired by Hiram Wood, who sold to Dr. Slingerland. Col. John Sprague's daughter was the first wife of Hiram Wood. Dr. Slingerland, son of Solomon, a farmer, was born in 1856. In 1880 he entered the Albany Medical College, graduating in March 1883. In August 1883, he came to Fayetteville, taking the practice of Dr. Ira Harris. In 1887 he bought his home, where his office was located. He married in 1883, and his wife died in 1889. In 1891 he married Mrs. Adelia H. Wilson of Fayetteville, who was school commissioner of this district. Cut in two and moved to two separates sites on Center Street by Earl Edwards - apt. next door and Bob Porter's apartment.

Mrs. Horace Grove residence. This property was formerly owned by H. Harmon. Mrs. Grove acquired this property after Mr. Grove passed away, and the house was remodeled over into a more modern dwelling by Tom Timmons, a carpenter. Fred Mathews and his wife, a daughter of Mrs. Grove, also lived in the home.

John A. Ecker family residence and barn. Henry Ecker, father of John Ecker, and tailor by trade, came to Fayetteville in an early year and opened a shop and clothing store on the site of the Beard block (burned out 1852), and later in that block, conducting his shop until 1879. He died in 1887. He served as postmaster from 1861 to 1879. John A. Ecker, Henry's son, attended the Fayetteville Academy. After leaving school he went into the post office with his father, where he remained until 1870, then became bookkeeper at the Fayetteville National Bank, holding that position until 1879. He then spent three years in Washington, D. C., as secretary and treasurer of the National Dredging Co. In 1882 he returned to the National Bank, where he remained until appointed postmaster in 1892. Supervisor in 1888, 1890. In 1872, he married Ida, daughter of Beach C. Beard. Ecker's home was built by Beach C. Beard. (Mrs. Irving Perry -- Natalie Ecker).

Edward Hopkins family residence. He was a Civil War veteran. He also was a building contractor, and he erected the Fayetteville High School. In later years the home was occupied by a son, Arthur, who was for a number of years one of the firm of Tillotson & Hopkins.

John McViccar family residence. This home was considered an imposing residence. He erected the building where DeLancy Bartlett conducted a drug store for many years, and he conducted a drug store in the same building prior to DeLancy Bartlett. Grover Cleveland was clerk in the McViccar drug store for about a year. In 1851, John McViccar built the grist mill that was known in later years as the Pearl Barley Mills (Washington St.). R. C. Hatch took the property in 1854. It finally burned down. Later, on this site, a feed mill was built by Levi Swan. After Mr. McViccar passed away the home was occupied by a granddaughter, Miss Harriet T. McViccar. When she passed away it left the family extinct. For many years the home was occupied by Wm. Burhans, until the home was remodeled to establish the new Fayetteville Library. The building committee of the library were Emma Beard, Adele Hall and Charles L. Collin.

Wm. E. Burhans was born in Jamesville in 1852. His father, Daniel, was a mechanic and came to the town of Dewitt in 1837 and remained in that town until 1855. He established a sash and blind factory in Jamesville, which he and his brother, Lydertius, conducted until he moved to Fayetteville. He then became a partner of O. D. Blanchard in the same line until his death in 1887. Wm. E. Burhans was educated in common schools and the Fayetteville Academy. After leaving school he was for seventeen years employed in his father's factory. After his father's death, he continued in the lumber business, manufacturing packing cases, widow frames, etc. He was a vestryman of the Trinity Church. In 1878 he married Bell Hubbs, of Fayetteville. There was one son, Daniel R.

Dr. Coburn Badgley family residence, office and barn. He acquired this property after moving from his first home, just across E. Genesee. He was president of the village in 1898. The Farmer's Bank, in an earlier year, and which existed for a decade, was located in front of the original owner's home, who was Mrs. Orrin S. Gillett. The bank ceased operations and was razed. Samuel J. Wells was president. Myron Bangs, vice-president. Frank M. Severance, cashier. Dr. Badgley's property was later acquired by Percy B. Jarvis.

Platt H. Smith family residence and barn. This property was formerly owned by Levi Snell. Platt's father, Ambrose Smith, came to the village in 1829, and located on a farm near the village. Those of his children who have been identified with the village were James Henry Smith, Platt H., and Howard. Platt H. Smith was educated at the Yates Polytechnic Institute, Chittenango, N. Y. In 1857 he engaged in the mercantile business at Camillus, under the firm name of Knapp & Smith, which they conducted for four years. he then returned to Fayetteville, where he conducted a general store with Levi Snell from 1862 to 1892. He was president of the Board of Water Commissioners during its construction. He became a director of the National Bank of Fayetteville in 1879. In 1862 he married Katherine Snell, daughter of Levi Snell. He was interested in many enterprises of the village. Platt H. Smith, in daily life, seemed to be rather reserved, but back of that reserve there was a jovial nature which endeared him to his friends. Levi Snell was also vice-president of the National Bank, as was Platt's father, Ambrose.

John E. Thompson Meat Market. This market, a one-story building, was located near the retaining wall of the lawn on the west side of Platt Smith's home. Later, Romeo Battle opened a grocery, fruit and tobacco store there. At that time Sweet Caporal cigarettes were five cents a package. After Battle went out of business, David Lawrence established a drug store there. A while later, the building was demolished. Between that former store and Hoag Bros., Grocers, on N. Mill street, was a small, narrow room, where Charles Rolfe had a shoe repair shop, after moving from his former shop from a former millinery shop conducted by Mrs. Jack Taylor, on the corner of Spring and E. Genesee streets.

James H. Mathews store, Merchant Tailor, Ready-Made Goods. He was a Civil War veteran. The block in which this store was located was built about 1824, and was formerly occupied by Flint & Platt and Elijah Paine. After Mathews discontinued his store, Patrick Costello opened a saloon there. Henry (Hank) Straub opened a barber shop above the saloon. A stairway next to the saloon, on the west side, gave access to the barber shop and rooms over Bartlett's drug store. In earlier years, the rooms over Mathew's store were occupied by Paltz Bros., Manufacturers and Dealers in Boots and Shoes. At that time, N. P. Sitts was an employee. Later he opened a boot and shoe repair shop on his property, at the corner of Spring and Clinton streets. In later years, the rooms above Costello's' saloon, except for Straub's barber shop, were unoccupied. Pat Costello later discontinued his saloon business and opened a meat market.

DeLancy Bartlett Drug Store, which he conducted for many years. Delancy Bartlett succeeded John McViccar, who erected the building and opened a drug store there. Grover Cleveland was clerk in the McViccar store for about a year. At a later year the property was acquired by Myron Bangs, and Edna Sales, an adopted daughter, became manager of the apartments over Bartlett's store. Delancy Bartlett, Jr., later entered the business which his father conducted. At one time John Pratt was a clerk in the store.

The building adjoining Bartlett's store was erected by Seymour Pratt. At a later date the building was owned by Mrs. J. Hodge. At one time the ground floor was occupied by Walden Tibbitts, merchant. He was succeeded by Coon & Potter, Grocers, and were doing business around 1905. A stairway on the west side of the building gave access to the rooms above the store. After Coon & Potter dissolved partnership, the store was occupied by Charles Loomis, who opened a saloon there. Loomis was a former bartender for Trude Grove, who conducted a saloon on N. Mill street. Later, Loomis acquired a building just north of Trude Grove's saloon, and opened a saloon there. After Loomis moved to N. Mill street, George Dougherty opened a saloon where Loomis was formerly located. Ina more recent year, C. R. Eaton acquired the building and opened an undertaking and furniture business. Soon after C. R. Eaton came to the village, Harry Goodfellow became his assistant. He was succeeded by Fred Mathews. An alley way, between Eaton's store and the next building, gave access to the rear of the stores on W. Genesee and to those on N. Mill street.

Frank Mott, Sr., Hardware Store, a three-story wooden-framed building, formerly occupied by Wells & Austin, Dealers in hardware, Stoves and Coal. Later, Austin became one of the firm of Nichols & Austin. At the rear of Mott's store there was a room where Mott conducted a tinshop. In later years the store was conducted by Mott's three sons: Fred, John and Lawrence. In a more recent year John became a partner in the firm of Hickey & Mott, Coal Dealers. Adjoining this building, on the west side, was a lane leading north along the east side of the south end of the feeder. On this lane were two dwelling houses, one being occupied by the White family, the other by Wm. Daggett.

Seward & Crouse Co. Store. They were succeeded by Levi Snell & Platt H. Smith, under the firm's name, Snell & Smith. They continued to carry on the business as dealers in dry goods, groceries, hats, caps, boots and shoes, crockery, seeds and feathers. The building burned in 1893, and for many years only the basement walls were standing. Later, Martin Doyle acquired the property and erected a large frame building, which contained two stores on the ground floor, with living rooms above. A bowling alley was installed in the basement. For some time Martin conducted one of the stores, dealing in ice cream, candies, tobacco, etc,. and also conducting the bowling alleys.

The old white bridge, spanning the creek, was a familiar sight for many years. In a more recent year a steel structure took its place.

James H. Mathews Livery Stable. This two-story building was located on the west bank of the creek, near the bridge, and was conducted by Jim for many years. The stables were on the ground floor. The second story was on a level with W. Genesee, due to the approach to the creek bridge. Later, this property was acquired by Ed Harter, who opened a glove shop there. He was formerly a partner in the firm of Harter and Morrison Glove Makers. Adjoining the livery stable there was a large vacant lot which was used a

number of times for circus entertainment. About midway between the livery stable and the lower bridge was a barrel shop operated by J. L. Mathews. Ed Rowe, a cooper, was an employee.

The "lower" bridge. A small wooden bridge which spanned the creek branch for many years. Later, after a destructive flood, and after the dwellers on the "Flats" gave voice with a stern protest against further flooding of property and cellars, a retaining wall was built along the west side of the main creek, a short distance south of the main bridge, and in doing that, it abolished the branch, which was later filled in.

E. S. Smith family residence. Original owner. Later, this property was acquired by Mrs. Lanson M. Benedict. Before Mr. Benedict passed away, they lived on Salt Springs street. In a more recent year the property was acquired by George Fulmer, a retired Civil War veteran. At an earlier date he was employed at the C. L. Collin saw mill and lived on Chapel street. Later, Alva Reed, a son-in-law, occupied the home, on W. Genesee.

Edward Eastman family residence. This property was formerly owned by L. L. Blanchard. Ed was employed at the Meat Block Factory, in High Bridge. The Meat Block factory was on the site of the former Murphy Paper Barrel Co., which was established in 1880.

Duane Babcock family residence. He was a Civil War veteran. At one time he was Water Commissioner of the village. This property was later acquired by Palmer Gregg, Street Commissioner. Palmer W. H. Gregg, a son of John Gregg, who was born in Ayrshire, Scotland in 1840 and came to this country in 1869, assisted his father on the farm in Dewitt, which his father bought in 1894. Palmer Gregg and his sister, Helen, were two of eight children. Later, Palmer moved to Fayetteville, where he became street commissioner. Helen became a teacher at the Fayetteville High School.

J. R. Jones tenant house, occupied for a time in a more recent year by W. M. Gage, Printer.

J. R. Jones family residence. There was a large lot, with barn, on this property. His daughter, Jennie, conducted a millinery shop in the home.

Elisha (Deek) Steadman family residence. He operated a livery stable, and was a president of the village in 1891. This property was formerly owned by Tom Timmons, a Civil War veteran. He was a carpenter.

H. J. Duke family residence. This property was formerly owned by H. Brown. A daughter, Alice, married Mill Everingham, a village merchant. The home was later used for rental, and Irving Doxtator was occupant for a while.

C. Oxner family residence in early years.

C. Oxner tenant house, occupant unknown. Occupied by Geo. Van Auker. Two-family tenant house, originally owned by C. Oxner, and at one time occupied by Albert (Swifty) Martin and Ted Strong families. Later, Strong moved to rooms in the old post office building. For some time Strong was correspondent for the Fayetteville Recorder, at the time when H. C. Beauchamp was editor. In a more recent year, Wm. Gray acquired the Oxner property. He was employed at the Meat Block factory.

O. Gillett farmland. The author believes that this property was later absorbed by the Jerome Palmer Estate. This farmland bordered on the west side of N. Burdick street, from W. Genesee to the south side of the Erkenbeck farm, and extended along W. Genesee, to border on the farmland of A. Cady Palmer.

A. Cady Palmer family residence, farmland, barns and tenant house. He was a Civil War veteran. The Palmer family is one of the oldest in the town of Manlius. Elias Sanford Palmer, of Stonington, Conn., purchased a soldier's right of 600 acres in the town of Manlius, and in 1805, his son, Charles, settled on one-half of that acreage, and in 1812, Sanford located here, and the farm was divided between them and has since been occupied by their descendants. Henry, a son of Charles, went to live in Indiana, and after a while, his son, A. Cady Palmer, came to live with his grandfather, at the homestead which was built in 1828 and is still in good repair. This home and the Collin homesteads were the only homes in the vicinity, owned and occupied constantly by the same family. A. Cady Palmer's grandmother passed away in 1883, at the age of ninety-four. A daughter married Aaron Wing, who built the home, long known as the Robert Crouse home. Aaron Wing and wife were the parents of Mrs. Volney Nichols.

A. Cady Palmer was born in Oneida Castle. He was educated in common schools and at the Chittenango Polytechnic School, graduating from there as a civil engineer. He was one of the surveyors of the Erie Canal at the time of its enlargement. In 1861, he enlisted with the engineer corps of the 50th Regiment and was in service three and one-half years. After his return he followed contracting for a few years and then settled down on the old homestead. He was a staunch Republican and was supervisor of the town of Manlius, being first elected in 1883. Descendants of Charles Palmer were: a son, Luther; daughters, Sara A., Zada E., Kate A. and Mrs. Elizabeth Erkenbeck. Sanford Palmer came from Stonington, Conn. in 1812. He died in 1828. Sanford B. Palmer, his oldest son, was born in 1793. Sanford B. Palmer's son, Byron R. Palmer, was a prominent and successful business man and was at the time of his death, in 1886, the president of the Fayetteville National Bank. Dennison Palmer, the third son of Sanford Palmer, was born in 1800. In 1812 he came to Fayetteville, and until 1830 his life was spent upon the farm. Afterward for some years he was engaged in milling and mercantile business. He died in 1874.

Adjoining the Palmer property was a vacant lot originally owned by D. Rotnour. Around 1901, Rev. Barber and Oliver Moulter acquired building sites on the property and built their homes. The Barber home was built next to the Palmer home, and Moulter's next to Barber's. Hiram Garlock, carpenter and builder, erected the homes. Wm. Agan was employed by Garlock as a carpenter. Later, the Rev. Barber property was acquired by Robert Dunlop, who lived there for some time, then acquired the Tremain property on E. Genesee. Moulter, some time later, sold his home and moved to the village. Moulter was agent for an insurance company.

Allen family residence and farmland. He was, at one time, connected with the Suburban trolley line. Wm. Brandis was a farmhand.

John Shanahan family residence. He was a Syracuse merchant.

Eli T. Bangs residence, large barns and farmland. This property consisted of several hundred acres, extending north from W. Genesee nearly to the Erie Canal, and west from the Shanahan property along W. Genesee to border on the property of the Onondaga Golf Club. Eli's home was an imposing structure and nicely maintained. The front porch was built of pine, and the panels on the upper part, between porch columns, were hand-carved, representing floral designs. On the east and west ends of the porch, the panels were complete from floor to ceiling and carved to represent dragons. The pine of the porch was finished with varnish in natural color. Each year there was a complete removal of varnish, and then was refinished, to preserve the natural grain of the wood. The house was newly painted every two years. Tom Nichols, painter, did the painting and varnishing. The ceilings in the home were all hand-painted in floral designs, being done by artists. There were a number of large mirrors, the largest costing around $175.00. The floors were covered by expensive carpeting. On the roof was a cupola, where Eli would sit and view his farmlands with a telescope. In the front yard was a well house, the water being drawn up by a bucket. A white picket fence enhanced the property in front of the home.

Eli T. Bangs was born in Fayetteville in 1825. He was educated in common schools and the Fayetteville Academy. After leaving school, he took up jobbing and his first work was the building of the aqueduct over the Limestone creek, north of the village. In 1860 the firm of Bangs & Gaynor was formed. Mr. Bangs was the originator of the system of laying foundations for jetties, and the United States used them. And since that time Mr. Bangs was connected with and did alone from twelve to fifteen million dollars worth of government contracting. He married in 1851. There was one son, Anson H. Bangs. Myron Bangs was a brother of Eli T. The father, Reuben H. Bangs, came to this country in 1813. He was a contractor, and assisted in the building of the first Erie Canal.

This concludes the list of homes and families who lived on West and East Genesee St.

Wm. Hoyt family residence, barn, and orchard just west of the home. Mr. Hoyt married Grover Cleveland's sister, Mary. Later, the home was occupied by the Whitton family who were of English descent. And later by Harry Richardson. In a more recent year, the orchard was used for building lots, and two houses were erected. One was built by Wm. Hunt, and he moved there from his farm on E. Genesee, where he lived when he first came to the village. Peter Hanson acquired a lot just west of Hunt's, and built his new home. The Hanson property was later acquired by S. L. Porter.

Arthur Williams family residence. He was at one time one of the firm of Suiter & Williams, Grocers, who conducted a store where J. M. Tillotson formerly maintained his store for many years. The Williams' home was finally acquired by George W. Ingalls, Insurance.

James (Jim) Boyd family residence. He was a mason and plasterer. His daughter married Frank Fillmore, a farmer who lived near Manlius. Later, the home was occupied by Lloyd Morrison, carpenter. This property was finally acquired by Peter Hanson, who moved there after selling his former home to S. L. Porter. Mr. Hanson was a designer at Stickley's.

David (Dave) O'Neil family residence. He was a sexton of the Protestant cemetery. Later, George Tabor occupied the home. A few years later Kenneth Bex and family were occupants, for a while.

Monroe Worden family residence and barn, formerly the property of H. Harmon. The home was also occupied by Dr. Byington and his daughter, Lillian. He also had his office there, moving from a downtown office. Later, John Pratt and sisters, Elizabeth and Caroline, acquired the property, and moved there from their farm on W. Genesee. In a more recent year the property was acquired by Kate and Zada Palmer, who did considerable remodeling.

Mrs. A. C. Hammond family residence. A daughter, Carrie, lived there for many years.

H. H. Edwards property. Later, John D. Nichols acquired the property and built his new home, and moved there from just across Elm street, where he formerly lived. In an early year he was in partnership with his father, and they conducted a grocery and hardware store on the ground floor of the Beard Hotel. The firm was known as V. H. Nichols & Son. Later, the firm dissolved. In a more recent year, John conducted a grocery and hardware store in the Walrath building, on E. Genesee. At one time John kept horses, and it was a familiar sight to see him driving along streets, his coach dog trotting along underneath the carriage and close to the horse's heels.

Volney H. Nichols family residence. He was a village merchant for many years. He was also Town Clerk for many years. After Volney passed away, his daughter, Ada, carried on with that same office. Volney's wife was the daughter of Aaron Wing, who built the Robert Crouse home, on E. Genesee.

Braton (Buck) Patrick family residence and barn. This property was formerly owned by John Ecker. Braton had a monthly income, left by his father. Braton was a profound read of books, any kind, and he had an extensive library. Outside of books, his only occupation was delivering meats for Charlie Hopkins.

Alfred Hall family residence and barn. He was a carpenter, and formerly engaged as a teamster at Stickley's. The Hall property was formerly owned by Mrs. T. Mead.

Vacant lot. In early years owned by J. Brown.

Jackson Walsh family residence. He was a son of David Walsh, who conducted a restaurant on N. Mill street. This house was built of square-cut stone, and the only all-stone house inside the village. In early years the building was used for a school house. C. Paltz was a former owner of the property.

Ral Service family residence, formerly the property of Wm. Austin. The home was later occupied by the Merrill family. He was one of the firm of Merrill & Soule, operators of a canning factory just north of the village. They were also operators of a mince meat factory in Syracuse, the brand being known as None-Such Mince Meat. A few years later the home was occupied by the Allen family. Mr. Allen was a liquor inspector. A son, Fred, was an employee at the S. J. Wells fruit farm.

Lemuel Burt family residence. For a number of years he sold guns and ammunition. This property was formerly owned by I. K. Brownson. Later, Mr. Burt sold his home to Reuben P. Prichard, Forestry Professor, and moved to his new home, at the corner of Warren and Beach streets.

John Pease family residence and barn. This property was formerly owned by Mrs. Goodrich. John operated an express and freight route between the village and Syracuse. William (Bill) French was teamster. At one time Pearl Williams, when he was first married, occupied part of the house. Later, Wm. Torpey operated the former Pease freight route, until he became an employee of the Suburban trolley line, as conductor on the freight car. In a more recent year, Burnell Alexander, a carpenter, acquired the Pease property.

Wm. Searle family residence. He was a farmhand. This property was formerly owned by M. Reed. In a more recent year, Fred Searle, a son of William, who for many years was manager of Suburban Park, occupied the home.

Wellington Worden family residence. This property was formerly owned by E. C. Allen. Mr. Worden was tax collector for a number of years. He moved to Elm street from his former home on S. Burdick street. Delbert, a son, was the only one of the family who continued to live in the home on Elm street. He was a mail carrier for many years.

Printing Office, at the corner of Elm and N. Mill streets.

At this point Elm street enters N. Mill street.

Horace S. Grove property, a building later occupied by Boynton Bros. Marble Works.

Henry Straub family residence, prior to moving to N. Mill street. He was a barber, operating a shop in a room over Costello's saloon. At one time he was chief of the Fayetteville Fire Department. The Straub residence was formerly owned by E. Lascell.

Mrs. Bishop residence.

Dr. Hickson family residence.

H. Ecker residence.

Henry Pratt family residence. He was at one time editor of the "Recorder," a village newspaper. This residence was known as the Oxner house. In an early year the house caught fire but was not greatly damaged. In a more recent year Boyd Muckey acquired the property. Around that time he was traffic policeman.

Ransier family residence. This property was formerly owned by L. Evans. Later, Sam Morgan, a carpenter, occupied part of the Ransier home. Lanty Morgan, a son, was employed at grocery stores at different times. Later, he worked with his father.

Mrs. A. L. Seward property, extending along Elm street from Center street to Edwards street. Fred Potter later acquired a lot from this property and built his new home, moving there from Lincoln Ave. As has been mentioned before, Fred was at one time a partner in the firm of Coon & Potter, Grocers. They dissolved partnership later, and Arthur Coon opened a dry goods store in one of the stores occupied by Everingham & Carr on N. Mill street. Potter became associated with Burnell H. Tracy, and the firm became known as Potter & Tracy, Coal Dealers. Later, they dissolved partnership, and at a later date Potter became janitor of the Fayetteville High School.

Another lot was acquired from the Seward property, and Gaynor's barn was moved there and remodeled into a dwelling house. Mrs. Rice, sister of Beach Beard's wife, became occupant, having moved there from Salt Springs street. Later, the home which Mrs. Rice had occupied was acquired by Osterlow, a packer of tobaccos. His factory was located in the Beard feed mill, on W. Genesee.

Hervey Edwards Estate. A vacant lot for a number of years, until the property was acquired by Wm. M. Markham, Sloyd (School?) Teacher, who built his new home there.

R. Fulcher residence. Later, John D. Nichols was occupant, before he moved to his new home, just across Elm street. Robert Scott was a later occupant. In a more recent year the property was acquired by W. G. Stearns, after retiring from a farm on the Manlius Center road. He became an employee at Stickley's. Later, the home was occupied by Edward Markle, a son-in-law. He was a carpenter.

Charles Andros family residence. Retired. This property was formerly owned by Dr. Hutchins. A daughter, Abby Andros, was a teacher at the Fayetteville High School.

Beaumont family residence. Retired. This property was formerly owned by J. D. Stearns. Beaumont's daughter, Mrs. Jack Taylor, was a milliner. Later, the Beaumont property was acquired by B. G. Benedict who, when he first came to the village, was a farmhand employed by W. W. Williams, on N. Manlius street.

Moffitt family residence. This property was formerly owned by J. D. Stearns. Mr. Moffitt was a flour salesman. He was also director of a drum corps, known a Moffitt's Drum Corps. Both Harry and Clayton Taylor, sons of Jack Taylor, were members of the corps.

The Fayetteville Academy. (More about this later.)

Jim Murray family residence. He was a blacksmith, with shop on E. Genesee. He occupied this home when he first came to the village. This property was formerly owned by Mrs. Northrup. Later, Charles Brown, cigarmaker, acquired the property, using the house for rental.

Charles Brown family residence.

Andros property, later acquired by J. M. Tillotson, who used the home as a tenant house, which was occupied by Louis Bajus, shipping clerk at Stickley's.

Millward S. Pratt tenant house. This home had a number of tenants through the years. At one time, Wm. Daggett, who was at one time employed at the C. L. Collin lighting plant on Orchard street, was occupant. Later, Charles Brown acquired the property, and moved there.

Mrs. E. J. Hoyt property, vacant lot. This property was later acquired for a playground for the Fayetteville High School.

At this point Elm street enters N. Manlius street.

Mechanic street, starting at Center street, going west on the north side.

David Collin, fourth of that name, farm property, bordering for a short distance on Mechanic street.

Woodridge property in early years.

S. Chandler family residence. Later, Jim Grover, carpenter and son-in-law, occupied the home.

Monahan property, in early years.

Ned Griffin family residence. He was an employee at the Bangs & Gaynor lime kilns. In more recent years, Clifford, a son, was employed at the Precision Castings Co., an inspector.

T. Daly property in early years. Later, the home was occupied by Boyd Muckey, at that time a bartender at Trude Grove's saloon. In a more recent year, Boyd acquired the Henry Pratt property on Elm street.

Horse barn on the property of Edward Gaynor. For a number of years Hol Allen was teamster for Bangs & Gaynor. In a more recent year this property was acquired by Charles Goodfellow, mason contractor and a son of Talley Goodfellow, who lived for many years near the dry dock, on the Erie Canal, north of the village.

Charles Hopkins family residence and barn. This property was formerly owned by A. T. Gilmore. Mr. Hopkins maintained a meat market on N. Mill street. Later, the old home was razed and a new modern home was built. The barn was razed later.

At this point Mechanic street enters N. Mill street.

Mrs. McCarthy family residence. This home was later used as a tenant house, and a number of families were occupants. There was also a shoe repair shop there at one time.

A family residence, the early owner being unknown. Later, this property was acquired by Mrs. Lena Goodfellow, widow of Talley Goodfellow. Harry Goodfellow, a son, was employed for some time by C. R. Eaton.

Danaher family residence. In early years this property was owned by Miss Adcook.

John Fabing family residence. He was a blacksmith, who was at one time employed by Jim Murray. This property was formerly owned by Dr. Byington. Joe Fabing, the eldest son, was a blacksmith. John, Jr., was an employee at Stickley's.

Mrs. Reals property in early years. Later, the property was acquired by Charles Mott, a farmhand and son of Frank Mott, Sr.

Hobart VanAlstyne family residence. This property was formerly owned by his mother, Mrs. VanAlystyne. In earlier years he was a professional ball player. In more recent years he was employed at George Ebeling's meat market. At one time, earlier, he was an employee at the Merrill & Soule canning factory.

W. Taskey family residence. In later years the home was occupied by Mrs. Taskey, his widow.

At this point Mechanic street enters Center street.

Jack A. Taylor family residence and millinery shop, an addition to the home. The shop was conducted by Mrs. Taylor. He was a layer of tar sidewalks in the village, and kept his tar barrels and tools in a small shed in the rear of the old tannery drying building on Spring street. Later, Mrs. Taylor abandoned the millinery business and accepted a position in a millinery store in Syracuse. For a while Charles Rolfe operated a shoe repair shop in the former millinery shop. Later, Pearl Williams opened a barber shop there. In a more recent year B. G. Benedict acquired the Taylor property and opened a store in the former millinery shop. He then occupied the Taylor home.

Mrs. Bajus, widow, residence. This property was formerly owned by J. Costello. Mrs. Bajus was the mother of George and Louis Bajus. After his mother passed away, George acquired the property, did some repairing, and rented the house to Irving Doxtator. Later, the house was occupied by the Beuchat family. The grandfather was a French teacher at the Manlius Military Schools. A grandson, Justin, was a plumber. Harry Cramer, tinsmith, occupied the home for a while.

J. M. Tillotson's first store. This property was formerly owned by Mrs. Blackman. Years later, Sam Wein acquired the property. He remodeled the building, making arrangements for living rooms and a store. He moved there from the Walrath building on E. Genesee.

Brennan's Saloon. This property was formerly owned by P. Holland, who acquired the property from Hervey Edwards, an early merchant. Around 1890 the building burned, and the lot remained vacant for many years.

Wm. Smith, son of Platt H. Smith, family summer residence and barn. This property was formerly owned by S. A. June. This property was enclosed by a wire fence along S. Manlius street and Salt Springs street, as far as the rear of the house. From there to the barn was a white picket fence. Mr. Smith was owner of one of the first steam automobiles appearing in the village. Later, for a while, the home was occupied by George Adcook and family.

Addison T. Colton family residence. This property was formerly owned by Mrs. Northrup. Later, in the early 1890's, Mr. Colton acquired a lot from the A. W. Bessie property and erected his new home. He was a carpenter. The Colton home on Salt Springs street was then sued for rental, and J. H. Newman became occupant. At a later date Joe Totten acquired the property and used it for rental. The author of these pages was occupant during the year of 1907 and 1908.

Pratt family residence. This property was formerly owned by J. L. Mathews. Mr. Pratt was a retired farmer, moving to this address from his farm at Pratt's Falls, south of Manlius. He was a relative of Seymour Pratt. Later, Mrs. Rice, sister of Mrs. Beach Beard, occupied the home. She moved later to the remodeled Gaynor barn at the corner of Elm and Edwards street. Finally the Mathews' property was acquired by George Gilbert, an employee at Stickley's.

Lanson M. Benedict family residence, farmland and barn. This property was formerly owned by L. S. Whitford. On the west side of the house was an orchard and well. This farmland extended east along the south side of Salt Springs street to border on the Snow property, and to the south to border on the Protestant cemetery, and west to border on S. Manlius street. Later, the Benedict family moved to W. Genesee, and some time later the Whitford property was acquired by Justus T. Gere. During the time Mr. Gere owned the property, he built a new home on S. Manlius street next to the cemetery, and later moved there. Mr. Gere sold two lots on the remaining farmland bordering on S. Manlius street to B. H. Tracy, who later erected two dwelling houses. Later, Gere sold the remaining farmland and former home on Salt Springs street to Hiram Reed. Mr. Reed later sold the former orchard lot to Lem Burroughs, who then built his new home. Mr. Burroughs was a coal dealer in Cazenovia.

A. E. Snow family residence and lot, extending south to the cemetery. Years later the home was occupied by the Hildebrand family. Finally the property was acquired by W. S. Sherwood, who moved there after retiring from his farm in Manlius Center.

Joe Hodkins family residence and barn. This property was formerly owned by the VanAlstyne family. Joe was an employee at Stickley's.

Louis Hatch family residence, farmland and barns. This property was originally a part of the Bangs Estate. The Hatch farmland extended east along Salt Springs street to the railroad and south along the railroad to border on the vineyard of S. J. Wells, also bordering on part of the cemetery. A small part of the Hatch farm was on the north side of Salt Springs street, bordering on the railroad. One year J. M. Tillotson raised a crop of tobacco on a large lot just east of the Hatch home. Later, the Hatch property was acquired by the Truair family. The Hatch family moved to N. Mill street where he owned a large house, which was used for rental. This property was formerly owned by Seymour Pratt.

E. Balsley family residence, farmland and barns. This property extended along Salt Springs street from the railroad to the A. Sidle property and to the south some distance along the east side of the railroad. Farther south, on the west side of the railroad, was another part of the Balsley farmland. There was a small piece of woods and a limestone quarry on part of this farmland, which bordered on the east side of the Harvey Morse fruit farm on S. Manlius street. Around 1895 the quarry was abandoned. At an early year Andrew Edwards married Mrs. E. Balsley, a widow, and Andrew worked the farm. Later, Frank Vedder acquired the Balsley property. Andrew Edwards and family moved to the Balsley property on Clinton street. This Balsley property was formerly owned by L. Smith.

A. Sidle family property.

Richard J. Todd family residence and farmland of one hundred acres, including a small piece of woods. Later, Frank E. Dawley acquired the Todd property and built his new home just east of the Todd home, and the first steel frame barn ever to be erected in the United States. Later he introduced the Karakul sheep business into the United States. Before acquiring the Todd property, Dawley operated his father's farm on Dry Hill. Some years before Frank acquired the Todd farm his father left the farm and went to live in a small home near the top of the hill, just east of Bishop's brook. Frank Dawley used the Todd home for rental, and was occupied by Dave Wheeler, a farmhand. Bill Markle was Dawley's sheepherder. Records on the breeding of Karakul sheep go back 6,000 years.

Bishop's brook has its headwaters east of Eagle Village. A small tributary of the brook had springs on the Todd farm. Bishop's brook flows approximately northwest through the former Todd farm along the east side of the former Joe Hill farm, through the north part of Ambrose Clark's farm, through a part of A. T. Armstrong's farm, along part of W. T. Collin's farm, through Norris Griffin's farm on N. Manlius street, and through part of the Merrill & Soule canning factory property, and just north of there on a lot owned by Mike Toole the brook turns and empties into the Limestone creek through a conduit. This conduit was repaired by Ed Terry in 1900. On the north side of the bridge spanning the brook on Salt Springs was a turn-out, where horses could be driven down to drink.

Lime kilns and lime mill, on the former Todd property.

Stone house, in early years owned by J. Walker. Later, the home was used for a tenant house, and one time occupied by a Wheeler family.

Wm. Dawley residence, after leaving the farm on Dry Hill. This property was part of the W. A. House farmland. A number of years later Frank Wakefield acquired the Wm. Dawley residence.

Farmland on the former W. A. House property.

The old Dawley farm, residence and barns. This property was originally owned by W. A. House, who raised bees, which were a pedigreed stock. This property was later acquired by the Barber family. William W. Dawley purchased the Barber farm on Dry Hill in 1889. Both William W. and son Frank were breeders of thoroughbred registered Jersey cattle. Melvin Benedict, son of Lanson Benedict, and Wm. Nightengale were employed on the Dawley farm at that time, in the early 1900's. This property was later acquired by Wm. Peckham, lawyer and one time assistant district attorney.

A short distance east of the Dawley farm on Dry Hill was a stone house and farmland with stone quarries later acquired and worked by John B. Wheeler. The stone house and land, which was originally owned by Elder Gershom Breed, was purchased from Asa Danforth in 1795. The stone house was an addition on the original old log cabin. John B. Wheeler's sons were: David, Bill, Ambrose (Tink), and Tom. John B. kept a large drove of sheep. Near the Wheeler property was the home and farmland of Mike Hogan, well-known mayor of Dry Hill. Just east of the Hogan property was the home and farmland of the Mahoney family.

The road, crossing Salt Springs road near the Wm. Dawley farm was a crossroad connecting Manlius with E. Genesee and entered E. Genesee near the Wm. Madison farm. Just across Salt Springs road, opposite the Dawley farm is an old, small cemetery. The people buried there are (the list to be inserted was absent). On the east side of the Manlius road, a short distance north of the Dawley farm was where the village first reservoir was located. The village established its first waterworks and were put into operation in 1892. Col. M. B. Birdseye was superintendent of the project. Trenches were dug by Italian labor. The reservoir was built on the H. W. Leach property. Later, a larger reservoir was built just north of the first one. In a more recent year, the Leach farm was bought by H. Duguid, a Syracuse coal dealer.

J. Kanelly family residence. This property was acquired later by Frank Dawley.

Pat Feeny family residence. A daughter, Mame, married Irving Doxtator. Later, this property was also acquired by Frank Dawley.

E. Wagner family residence and farmland. Later, George Shelley and family occupied the home and worked the farm, having moved there from S. Manlius street. At a more recent year Pat McDermott, lineman employed by the Suburban trolley line, acquired the property.

Fred Osborn family residence and farmland. This property was originally a part of Ambrose Clark's farmland. Osborn was a village blacksmith.

Bishop's brook cross Salt Springs. Just north of the bridge, on the west side of the brook, was a headgate which diverted the water into an underground conduit, which led to the old Square Reservoir. This brook was a resource for water power to operate mills in the village.

The farmland, extending along Salt Springs street from Bishop's brook to the old Square Reservoir, was originally a part of Ambrose Clark's farm. Later, this property became a part of the Joe Hill farm, at the time when Joe acquired the Ambrose Clark property on E. Genesee. On the farmland, bordering on Salt Springs street, was a large hay barn and quite a large stand of hickory and oak trees. This woods was known as Hill's woods.

The old Square Reservoir, a body of water which furnished water power to village mills, through an underground conduit, known as a trunkline. At the west end of the reservoir was a small building where a mechanism was installed to regulate the flow of water through the trunkline. This trunkline followed a westerly course, crossing Salt Springs street, following along John street, crossing Spring street, where power was furnished for the George L. Taylor tannery, which was operated later by the G. E. Fisher Co. From there the trunkline crossed Chapel, Walnut and Warren streets, giving power to the grist mill of B. C. &. H. Beard, then flowing on, to give power to the Burhans & Blanchard Sash and Blind factory on S. Mill street. Then crossing S. Mill street, it gave power to the Beard & Harris mill, located near the place where the trunkline emptied into the Limestone creek. A part of one of the early trunklines lay half-exposed, just north of the dyke, between Walnut and Warren streets. This trunkline was about five feet in diameter, with two-inch thick staves or boards, and bound together by large iron bands. The author believes that this trunkline was installed in an early year before the Ledyard dyke was projected. Around the middle 1890's the reservoir was considered a fairly good fishing ground, and was also a favorite swimming place for boys.

Louis Hatch farmland and barns, on the north side of Salt Springs street. Later, a lot on the west end of this land was acquired by Ed Fenner, who then erected his new home. He was a tool maker at the Precision Castings Co.

Mrs. Ethan Armstrong property, a part of the farmland which was later acquired by A. T. Armstrong.

"Hi" Brown family resident, barn and large lot, formerly owned by H. Fulmer. Later, for a while, the home was occupied by the Elliot family, relatives of Elisha Steadman. In a more recent year Fred Ingison acquired the property.

Tom Flattery family residence, small barn and large lot. Later, the family moved to Spring street, near the dyke. Finally, Frank Dawley acquired the property and Irving Doxtator and family became occupants, having moved there from the Bajus home on Salt Springs street, near the park.

Orchard on the Todd Estate, which was later acquired by A. T. Armstrong. At a later date Frank Suiter and family occupied the dwelling house. Mr. Suiter was a partner in the firm of Suiter & Williams, Grocers, located in the former J. M. Tillotson store.

Robert Miller family residence. A daughter, Laura, lived there for many years after her father passed away. Mr. Miller also owned property bordering on the east side of Spring street and the north side of Franklin street, a corner lot.

Mike Gaynor tenant house and small lot, formerly owned by P. Holland. Levi Nutting, Sr., occupied the house for many years. He was, at that time, employed at the Franklin Automobile factory, in Syracuse. Later, John Gaugel occupied the house. At one time in early years John leased Tremain Park, on Lower Green Lake. In more recent years he conducted a business in Syracuse.

George Stebbins family residence. He was employed at the Collin, Arnold & Sisson furniture factory. After George passed away, the home was occupied by Arthur Blodgett. In a more recent year, Robert Scott, Mrs. Stebbin's son, was occupant.

Samuel D. Luce residence. He was a lawyer, and in early years he was also one of the proprietors of the old Eagle Hotel. Later, for a while, the home was occupied by Stanley Vedder, son of Frank Vedder, who owned a farm on Salt Springs street.

Catholic church rectory and barn. In early years Charles Hopkins was caretaker and hostler. In later years he conducted a meat market on N. Mill street.

The Village Park.

At this point Salt Springs street enters E. Genesee.

James Walker property. (More about this later.)

Charles Rolfe family residence. He was a shoemaker for many years.

Edward Cotter family residence and small lot. This property was formerly owned by the Bangs Estate. Ed was a lime kiln worker, and later employed in a cement plant in Syracuse.

William Totten family residence and small lot, formerly owned by Mrs. Mack. In early years Will was engineer at the Collin, Arnold & Sisson factory, and later at Stickley's. He left Stickley's after a number of years and became janitor in an apartment building in Syracuse.

J. Regan family residence. (More about this later.) At the corner of John and Spring streets, near the Regan property, there was what was known as a cistern opening, fed through the trunkline from the Square Reservoir, where water could be drawn for fire purposes. There also was a community water pump on the north side of John street, where neighbors got their drinking water.

At this point John street enters Spring street.

E. Cotter family residence. (More about this later.)

Applegate & Noble Bedstead factory property, extending along John street from the Cotter property to S. Manlius street. There was a dwelling house on this property. In early years the factory at the corner of John and S. Manlius street burned down, and for many years only the cellar walls were left standing. The factory finishing room building, just west of the factory, was not burned, and it has been standing there for many years. In later years it was used by J. M. Tillotson for hanging his tobacco there for curing. After a number of year, the factory cellar was filled in with ashes and other debris by neighbors. The lot, formerly the site of the factory, was finally acquired by Wm. Edgerton, painter, who erected a house there. The dwelling house on the Applegate & Noble property was acquired by the Ayers family, the author believes. Later, the house was occupied by Wm. Coakley, at that time a finisher at the Collin, Arnold & Sisson factory. He married Pat Keohane's sister. Later he moved to Clinton street. Later, the Applegate house was occupied by the McMullin family, succeeded by the Elliot family, who later moved to Salt Springs street. And later, Joe Grady, son of Mrs. Grady, whose home was on E. Genesee, became occupant for a while. He married the youngest daughter of Louis Hueber. Finally Frank Balsley acquired the property and remodeled the house over into a two-family, and occupying the ground floor. The author lived in the upstairs apartment, in 1906, and moved to the Totten tenant house on Salt Springs, in 1907.

At this point John street enters S. Manlius street.

G. Agan homestead. (More about this later.)

Mrs. E. Balsley property, formerly owned by L. Smith. In an earlier year she became the wife of Andrew Edwards. After leaving the farm on Salt Springs street, Andrew and wife and son, Claude, with Estella J. Gulick who later married and went to live in Calif., and Elizabeth Balsley, a school teacher, and Mrs. Edward's daughter, moved to this address on Clinton street. In the rear of the home was a barn which was remodeled over into a dwelling house, and Claude moved in.

Wm. Will family residence. This property was formerly owned by the Smith family. Mr. Will moved there from Orchard street. Later, the home was occupied by Frank LaChance, a stone mason. He built the vault in the Protestant cemetery. In a later year the Cowles family occupied the home. Finally the property was acquired by John Gleason, who moved there from Pompey. The oldest son, Pat, later became an employee of the N. Y. Central R. R. Mike, a son, became station agent at the Fayetteville depot.

J. Coughlin family residence and barn. The sons were: John, who later became section boss on the Chenango R. R., and acquired the property on Spring street, known as the tannery house; and Mike, who later worked in a store in Syracuse. The daughters were: Julia, Margaret, Anna, Nellie and Hattie. Anna was a school teacher at the Fayetteville High School. Nellie was station agent at the village depot. Later, she married and went to live in a western state. Margaret married Peter LaRue, a painter. She passed away in the early 1890's. Hattie married and went to live in Oneida. After the mother passed away, Julia became housekeeper.

Nicholas P. Sitts family residence. He acquired this property around 1850, coming to the village from Lysander, town of Schroeppel. He married Lucinda Joy Sadler, daughter of Mrs. Sadler. At that time there was only a barn on a vacant lot. He remodeled the barn over into a dwelling house and built on an addition to be used for a kitchen. A number of years later he built a square, two-story addition on the former home. He also built a shoe repair shop on the property. He was a boot and shoe maker. When he first came to the village he was employed at the George L. Taylor shoe factory and store, the site of the later J. M. Tillotson store. Later, Mr. Sitts worked at the Paltz Bros. boot and shoe factory in the upper part of the building where Pat Costello later opened a saloon. Wallace, the eldest son, left home in early years and became a marble cutter in Sandy Creek. Charles, in early years, worked at the C. Tremain lime kilns, near Manlius. The kilns were later acquired by J. Behan. Later, Charles left the village and found employment in a carriage factory in Watertown. After the carriage factory was abandoned, due to a flood, he found employment at a paper mill three. The eldest daughter, Anna, married George Salg, who operated the former G. E. Fisher tannery for a while, and lived in the tannery house, at that time a two-family home. Caroline married J. H. Newman, who was at that time a boatman on the Erie Canal. They lived in Caughdenoy, Oswego county for a while. N. P. Sitts, as a sideline, located underground streams, where wells would be dug to get a supply of drinking water. He located such streams by using a Y-shaped small branch of a cherry tree. With the stem of the Y-shape pointing upward, he would tightly grip a branch in each hand, and when the stem pointed downward with an irresistible quiver often twisting off the bark of each branch, it showed that there was an underground stream or a good supply of water. The closer the surface the stronger the pull of the rod. Such rods were called dowsing rods. (If a reader would like more information referring to such rods, he should read the book, "Dowsing Rod," by Kenneth Roberts.) He located several streams which produced wells giving an abundant supply of water for years. Several times he found water for wells around the near countryside. A dowsing rod will not work in everybody's hands; it seems to constitute a seventh sense.

Deb Elting residence. This home was built on part of a large lot owned by the G. E. Fisher Tannery Co. Deb was an employee at the Collin, Arnold & Sisson factory. Trude Grove, who conducted a saloon in the village, later acquired the Elting property. Charles Loomis, Grove's bartender, became occupant. Later, Cyrus Parsons was occupant. The Parsons family was succeeded by the Grace family. Grace was a meat grinder manufacturer. Later, the home was occupied by Oliver Moulter, Insurance. He moved to the Elting home from his former home on W. Genesee.

Wm. Agan family residence and barn. He built his home on part of the large lot on the G. E. Fisher property. Will was an employee at the Collin, Arnold & Sisson factory. Later, for a while, he worked at the carpenter trade. In the early 1900's he was employed at Stickley's. He left Stickley's and later became sexton of the Protestant cemetery, succeeding Dave O'Neil. A daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Agan married Wallace Goodfellow, son of Ed Goodfellow, who was teamster for Fred Lamphere, coal dealer.

Samuel Snow property, a barn on a corner vacant lot. The Snow home faced on Chapel street. (More about this later.)

The Arnold family residence. This property was formerly owned by J. Bayley. Mr. Arnold was a partner in the firm of Collin, Arnold & Sisson. Later, John Sherwood acquired the property. He was an agent, connected with the stock market.

Moore family residence. This property was later acquired by the Rowland family. Finally the property was acquired by Frank Buell, employee at the Precision Castings Co. He remodeled the house over into a two-family.

C. H. Mead family residence. Later, the home was occupied by Frank J. House, a professor at the Fayetteville High School. In a more recent year, the property was acquired by John Mott, of Mott Bros. Hardware.

Methodist parsonage.

C. H. Jackson family residence. This property was formerly owned by J. S. Knapp. This property was later acquired by James H. Mathews, a Civil War veteran and operator of a livery stable, also conducting a downtown clothing store. The Jackson family built a new home on Chapel street.

Parker S. Carr family residence. He was born in 1842 and was educated in the common schools and Oneida Conference Seminary of Cazenovia. After leaving school he entered the law office of Sedgwick, Andrews & Kennedy, with whom he remained until 1866. He was admitted to the bar in 1864. He practiced one year in Cazenovia, then became partner with Stephen D. Dillaye, in Syracuse. This firm existed for one year, then he moved to Fayetteville. In 1869 he was elected school commissioner. In 1888 he was appointed justice of the peace. Mr. Carr acquired a reputation as a lecturer with illustrations second to none. He traveled extensively through Europe and the United States. In 1869 he married, and there was one daughter, Florence E. When Mr. Carr presented stereopticon views for entertainment at the Fayetteville High School, Addison Cole usually operated the projector. Later, the Carr property was acquired by Beeckner family, who moved there from a farm near Peck Hill. Levi Worden, son of Gene Worden, married Beeckner's daughter.

Thurlow Carr family residence. He was president of the village in 1887. This property was formerly owned by Mrs. G. C. Dibble, who later acquired property at the corner of Clinton and Spring streets. An adopted daughter of Thurlow Carr, Clara Arms, who later married Harmon Dalstrom, also lived in the home. She was teacher of the second grade at the Fayetteville High School.

William Babcock family residence. This property was formerly owned by L. M. Haight.

Frank H. Allen (Negro) family residence. In early years he was coachman for the Huntington Beard family. He later conducted a barber shop on the second floor, north side of the Beard Hotel. In a more recent year, Lee Chambers, paper mill worker, acquired the Allen property, and moved there from Beach street.

Ledyard dyke crosses Clinton Street.

The Beard, Crouse & Co. Paper Mill. (More about this later.)

At this point Clinton street joins S. Mill street.

Asa Dennison (Negro) family residence. He was a Civil War veteran. In early years he operated the press at the office of the Manlius Eagle newspaper, in Manlius. He was an all-round handyman.

Ulmer family residence. This was the former home and property of Beach Beard. Ulmer was employed at the Wm. Burhans planing mill, formerly known as the Burhans & Blanchard planing mill and saw mill. A son-in-law, Tim Sullivan, also occupied the Ulmer home. Katherine Ulmer, a daughter, married Wm. MacCoy, and they also occupied the home.

Mrs. Cross, widow, family residence. This home was built on part of a large lot formerly owned by Hatch & Wells.

Joshua Martin family residence. This home was also built on part of a large lot formerly owned by Hatch & Wells. Later, Ed Thompson, a son-in-law, also occupied the Martin home.

Eugene Maltby family residence. He was an employee at the paper mill. He also was a musician. This home was also built on the Hatch & Wells property.

J. Palmer residence with large lot, formerly owned by H. Brown. Later, the property was acquired by S. Erkenbeck. Finally the property was acquired by Samuel Farman, who moved there from John street.

Oscar Hollenbeck family residence. He was employed at Stickley's. This property was formerly owned by the Hubbard family.

Gantz family residence. Later, this property was acquired by Arthur M. Coon, a village merchant. Nathaniel Coon, father of Arthur M. Coon, was born in the town of Hillsdale, Columbia Co., in 1826, and came to this county in 1852. He settled in the town of Manlius and was for two years located on different farms on the Chittenango Turnpike. In 1854 he leased a farm of 44 acres, which he purchased in 1875, and where he made his home. In 1854, he married Martha J., daughter of Jacob and Elizabeth (Eaton) McLyman. There were six children, two of whom reached maturity were: Arthur M., and Lillian M., wife of Frank A. Vedder. In a more recent year, A. M. Coon's property was acquired by Stanley Vedder, a nephew.

Vacant lot, later acquired by Leopold Stickley, and he erected his home there in 1900.

Edward Collin family residence and barn. In early years he was a lumber dealer and manufacturer. Later, he became a member of the firm of Collin, Arnold & Sisson. The Collin property extended along the south side of Clinton street, from Walnut street to Chapel street, from Clinton street south along Chapel street to the dyke, which flowed along the south side of his property. Later, the property was acquired by the Harris family. He was connected with the Straightline Engine Works, in Syracuse. In a more recent year, A. A. Wadsworth was occupant of the home. The Edward Collin home was built on property formerly owned by Collin Wells Co. The Collin home, with ornate inside furnishing, had marble open fireplaces in all rooms but the kitchen.

A village park. This park, creating an offset in Chapel street, was formed by filling in the reservoir which was located there in early years. Grover Cleveland, who spent his boyhood days in the village, and became the 22nd President of the United States, delivered a political speech in this park, in 1885.

Maranda Potter family residence. This property was formerly owned by Mrs. Curtiss, who sold the property to Wm. Austin, and who later sold the property to Maranda Potter. In a more recent year, Myron Beach, employee at the Suburban trolley line car barn, acquired the property. He moved there from Orville (Dewitt), where he was formerly employed at a cider mill.

Andrew W. Wilkin family residence. He was a lawyer. This property, consisting of a dwelling house and large lot facing on Clinton street, was formerly owned by J. Doe. Andrew was publisher of the "Recorder," a village newspaper, for a number of years. Later, Mrs. G. C. Dibble acquired the Wilkin property after selling her property on Clinton street to Thurlow Carr. A picket fence and slab-stone walk bordered the property on Spring street. In 1900, the Dibble family had a house built on the large lot, just west of the home. This house, which was to be used for rental, was erected by Hiram Garlock, and was first occupied by Prof. Williams, who was at that time a professor at the Fayetteville High School. Later, Abram Salg acquired the Dibble home, moving there from E. Genesee. In a more recent year, the Dibble tenant house was acquired by Peter Sampson, Jr., superintendent at the Precision Castings Co.

Artemus W. Bessie family residence and large lot. He was a carpenter in early years, and later a village tax collector for a number of years. In a more recent year, J. J. Cashin, a village grocer, acquired the Bessie property. The old home was moved to Orchard street, and Cashin's new home was built on the site of the Bessie home.

Vacant lot on the Bessie property. In 1891 or 1892, Addison T. Colton bought this lot and erected his new home. He moved there from Salt Springs street. He was a carpenter, and in later years he was millwright at the Precision Castings Co.

J. M. Tillotson family residence and barn, in early years. In the early part of the 1900's, Fred Boynton, a member of the firm of Boynton Bros., Monument Dealers, acquired the property. Several years later the property was acquired by Wm. Coakley, formerly employed at the Collin, Arnold & Sisson factory. He became a painter after leaving the factory, and worked with Emmet Stanard, a painting contractor.

Dr. Frank G. Tibbitts family residence, barn and large lot on Clinton street and S. Manlius street. He was a dentist, and in early years he had an office in the south part of the Grove Hotel, and later, in a room over Fred Lamphere's store on N. Mill street. He was a boyhood chum of the later President Grover Cleveland.

C. H. Jackson family residence, in early years. He moved from there to farther west on Clinton street. Later, the home was occupied by an Episcopal minister. Some time later this property was acquired by Hiram (Buckley) Agan, who was a former employee of Collin, Arnold & Sisson and later an employee at Stickley's. He was a Civil War veteran. As a sideline, he sharpened lawn mowers. In early years, a son, Arthur, was a professional ball player. Later, Arthur became village postmaster. Several years later he entered the grocery business with Harvey Pease, and in later years he became sexton of the Protestant cemetery, succeeding Wm. Agan. Clarence, a son of Hiram Agan, was superintendent at the Meat Block factory, in High Bridge. In a more recent year, Arthur Agan acquired his father's property.

At this point Clinton street enters S. Manlius street.

Mrs. Raymond, widow, residence, with large lot extending along Orchard street. (More about this later.)

Mrs. McCoughlin residence. This property was later acquired by Edward Crane, carpenter. He was a relative of Mrs. Lanson Benedict. At one time he was a breeder of chickens.

Orson Clark family residence, barn and large lot. He was a retired farmer. After moving to the village he was often employed at work which required the use of horses. He acquired this property from E. Williams.

Vacant lot, part of Hiram Garlock's property facing on Orchard street. In a more recent year, J. J. Cashin acquired this lot and moved the old Bessie home there, and used it for rental. George Worden, youngest son of Gene Worden and brother of Levi, was the first occupant. He was employed at Stickley's.

Hiram Garlock residence and barn. (More about this later.)

I. Morey family residence and large lot. (More about this later.)

Victor Kingsley family residence and barn, in which he operated a cider mill. He was known as an amateur astronomer. Later, this property was acquired by Ed Kelley, motorman on the Suburban trolley line.

Chapel street park.

David Collin saw mill, logyard, small office and horse barn. He was the original owner. A large building, an addition to the saw mill, was where shingles were made. The mill was operated by water power from the Ledyard dyke. The Ledyard dyke, furnishing water power to a number of village mills, was projected by Jonathan D. Ledyard, of Cazenovia, David Collin, Beach Beard and John McViccar. These four projectors were given their choice of sites, and David Collin had first chance. He took the sites where the saw mill was located and the later Collin, Arnold & Sisson factory. Beach Beard's principal interest was in the Ledyard dyke, and he used his choice for the paper mill on S. Mill street.

In 1836, The Fayetteville Hydraulic Co. was incorporated for the purpose of conducting the waters of the Limestone creek, from near a place called Hall's Mills to the village of Fayetteville. The dyke has a fall of 100 feet. There are falls near the former Collin saw mill, near the grist mill of Levi Swan, and a series of falls between Beach street and S. Mill street, near the paper mill.

David Collin's saw mill property extended along the south side of the dyke from Chapel street to Walnut street, and extended along Chapel street, on the west side of the dyke, to Orchard street, and extended along Orchard street, from the dyke which flows along the west side of Chapel street, to Walnut street, and along Walnut street, north to the dyke. This property takes in half a block. Later, the David Collin property was taken over by the Collin, Wells & Co. The small building on the premises was used by Ed Collin, as an office. Later, Charles L., a son of David Collin, operated the saw mill. He used to drive his sheep to the dyke, on the north side of the saw mill, to wash before shearing. Jack Coville, who was formerly employed at the old dry dock, north of the village, on the Erie Canal, operated the log carriage. Peter Castle was his assistant. George Fulmer worked in the shingle mill. Luke Burns was teamster. Young boys often collected at the logyard and cut off the outer bark from elm logs so they could strip off the inner bark, which was known as slippery elm, to use for chewing gum.

Later, Charles L. Collin established a lighting plant on the property, near the saw mill. This plant was operated by water power from the dyke. This plant gave the village its first electric lights. Then the kerosene lamps, which formerly lighted the village streets, were abandoned. Wm. (Bill) Daggett was an employee at the plant. He also tended to the lights around the village, renewing the carbon in arc lights. In 1907, the Van Wagner Mfg. Co. acquired the Collin property. All buildings were razed, and the company's plant was erected, being built of cement blocks by Clarence Bushnell and Andrew Smith. In a more recent year, the Precision Castings Co. acquired the Van Wagner possessions.

Bushnell family residence. He was a laborer and uncle to Clarence Bushnell. Later, the home was occupied by Albert Goodmore, a son-in-law, and employed at the Precision. This property was originally owned by David Collin.

Peters family residence. This property was formerly owned by W. Fillmore.

Levi Swan family residence and grist mill. In 1851, John McViccar built the grist mill known in later years as the Pearl mills. R. C. Hatch took the property in 1854. It finally burned, and later, Levi Swan acquired the property. This property extended along Orchard street, from Warren street to Washington street, from Orchard street, north along Warren street to the dyke, and bounded on the north by the dyke. The mill was operated by water power from the dyke. Extending along Orchard street, from the home to Warren street, was a large vineyard. Later, Levi Swan became a coal dealer. One day, when Levi was delivering a load of coal, he stopped in front of Pearl Williams' barber shop and asked if he could phone his wife. At the time the telephone office was in the barber shop. Levi then asked his wife where he was supposed to go with the coal.

At this point Orchard street enters Washington street.

Juan Goodfellow family residence. This property was formerly owned by M. McAllen. Later, Juan moved to Manlius. In a more recent year a son, Elester, became justice of the peace, in Manlius.

Large vacant lot, part of the John Shea property.

Large vacant lot, part of the Andrew Keefe property. Later, Clarence Bushnell erected a building on the east side of the lot and established a cement block business. A while later, Bushnell used the building for a second-hand store. Finally Fred Lowe, a son of John Lowe, acquired the building and opened a grocery store.

Patrick Keohane family residence. He was a clerk in Bangs & Gaynor's office. Later, he acquired the Dr. Charles Baker property on E. Genesee. Finally the Keohane property on Orchard street, which was formerly owned by Pat Crowley, was acquired by J. P. Kinsella, coal and wood dealer.

Luke Burns family residence. He was a teamster for the Collin saw mill.

Collin, Arnold & Sisson Furniture Factory. This property, in early years before the furniture factory was built, consisted of a vacant lot, except for a dwelling house, which was later occupied by Luke Burns, was owned by Collin, Wells & Tremain. This property took in the block between Orchard street and Lincoln Avenue, and between Chapel and Walnut streets. In 1901, Leopold and J. G. Stickley acquired the property and began making small knock-down log cabins, rustic and mission furniture. In earlier years the Collin, Arnold & Sisson factory was operated by water power from the dyke. The dyke was maintained by users of the water power for incessant service. In more recent years, after the demands for such power was terminated by factories or mills discontinuing business or substituting steam for power, the McIntyre Bros. Paper Co. took on the sole maintenance. At times the dyke bank would give away, especially in places where the land sloped away from the dyke bank. Such leakages were repaired by driving planks in the earth near the washed-out place, and when filled in with hard-packed soil, it would give a solid embankment. Stickley abolished the water power, and steam was employed to run the machinery. Will Totten was engineer, and Al Delong succeeded Totten. George Sisson continued on at Stickley's, as superintendent.

In early years, Chapel street, from Clinton street to Franklin street, was known as Water street.

Sam Woodford family residence. This property was formerly owned by Mrs. Hemans. Sam was an employee at the Collin, Arnold & Sisson factory, and later at Stickley's. Lucien Woodford, a son, in later years was a moulder at S. Cheney & Sons, in Manlius. In later years he became a machinist at the Precision Castings Co.

Sadler family residence, with large lot on Spring street. This family originally came from Massachusetts, and were known as Massachusetts Yankees. The family moved to this property in the middle 1840's, from a farm near Rotnour's Bridge, which was near E. Syracuse. Later, the Sadler property at the corner of Spring and Orchard streets, consisting of the house and barn, was acquired by George Salg, brother of Abram, and who operated the tannery on Spring street, at that time. The large lot on Spring street was retained by the Sadler family, and was held for many years. The lot was later transferred to the N. P. Sitts family. Lucinda Joy Sadler, daughter of Mrs. Sadler, married Nicholas Peter Sitts, who formerly lived in the town of Lysander. The George Salg property was later acquired by Wm. Osborn, carpenter. The

Osborn property was later acquired by Frank Mott, Jr., a tinsmith, and he moved there from the former Morey home, at the corner of Spring and Orchard streets.

Tom Templeton family residence. He was a Civil War veteran. Later, for a while, the home was occupied by Frank Johnson. At a later date the property was acquired by Thomas Nightengale, a Civil War veteran. A son, William Nightengale, was at one time earlier an employee at the Frank Dawley farm on Dry Hill. Later, Carl Williams acquired the property. At that time Carl was a self-employed teamster. He was a son of Edwin Williams, whose home was on E. Genesee.

Jerry Everingham family residence. He was a Civil War veteran. This property was formerly owned by Mrs. Colton, mother of Addison T. Colton. Millward (Mill), a son of Jerry Everingham, was a village merchant for many years. Later, for a while, the home was occupied by Steve Flattery, son of Tom Flattery. Finally the property was acquired by J. P. Kinsella, who moved there after selling his home, the former Patrick Keohane property, on Orchard street.

Sam Harris family residence. He was a laborer. This property was formerly owned by Mrs. Davison. Later, this property was acquired by Maggie Rogers, for many years a maid at the home of Platt H. Smith.

Tom Nichols family residence, with barn on Green street. He was a painting contractor. This property was formerly owned by M. H. Larabee. After Tom passed away, the family continued living there for several years, until Mrs. Nichols married again and later left the home.

Mrs. Hatch, widow, family residence. One of her daughters was a nurse. This property was formerly owned by J. Relph. Later, the home was occupied by Mrs. Knaus, widow, and son Norman, who operated a furniture factory, just off Beach street. The home was later occupied by Fred List, who was employed at the Precision Castings Co.

William Will property, with house, formerly owned by J. H. Nichols. Some years later, J. H. Newman occupied the house, after moving there from Spring street. At that time he was village policeman. Much later, Pearl Williams, barber, acquired the property. Years later, Clarence Agan, son of Hiram Agan, acquired the property. Clarence was superintendent at the Meat Block factory in High Bridge. Pearl Williams then moved to E. Genesee, where he had acquired property.

Jim Wickham family residence. This property was formerly owned by G. Wickham. After Jim passed away, a daughter, Minnie, continued to live in the home for several years. Finally the property was acquired by Mrs. Lanson Benedict.

James (Jim) Law family residence. He was employed at the Collin, Arnold & Sisson factory. After Jim passed away, the family continued living there for several years. The eldest son, William, was a lawyer. Frank, the youngest son, was a barber, who learned his trade with Pearl Williams. Later, the home was occupied by Dan Sullivan, son of John Sullivan and an employee of Jack Thompson, iceman. Finally the property was acquired by F. E. Ellis, one-time operator of the Fayetteville creamery.

Tobias Goodfellow family residence. This property was originally owned by C. Crofoot. Prior to the Goodfellow family living there, the home was occupied by the Shoudy family. Bert Goodfellow, a son of Tobias, also lived in the home of his father. Bert at that time was village policeman. He married the youngest daughter of Edwin Williams, a sister of Mrs. Abram Salg. Mrs. Russel Morgan, a widow, married Tobias (By) Goodfellow, and her son, Charles Morgan, also lived in the home. Tobias passed away in the middle 1890's. After Charles Morgan's mother passed away, he continued to live in the home. For many years he was night watchman at the Precision Castings Co.

Vacant lot, part of the C. Crofoot property. This lot remained vacant for many years. Finally it was acquired by B. H. Tracy, who built his home there.

At this point Orchard street enters S. Manlius street.

Wm. F. Will property. He conducted a nursery, growing fruit trees. This property bordered on S. Manlius street, from the C. Crofoot property to Lincoln ave., from S. Manlius street, along Lincoln ave. to Green street, and along Green street, to border on the J. Relph property, later acquired by Mrs. Hatch. Later, Frank Parker acquired a lot on the north side of the Will property, on S. Manlius street, and built his home there. The Palmer family acquired another lot, farther south on S. Manlius street, and built their home there. The remaining land, bordering on Lincoln ave. and Green street, was acquired by John E. Thompson, who built a barn and blacksmith shop there.

John E. Thompson family residence. This property was formerly owned by J. Costello. Thompson formerly conducted a meat market in the village. Later, he conducted an ice business. He leased the Round pond, part of the S. J. Wells property, for harvesting ice. Just west of his home he erected an ice-house. Later, he erected an ice-house on the east side of the wide-waters, north of the village. At a more recent date he erected another ice-house just east of his barn. Then the old ice-house was torn down. Around the middle 1890's the old home burned, and he erected a new home on the old home site.

John Sullivan property. The home faced on Spring street.

Large vacant lot, owned by Joseph Bloser.

H. Crofoot family residence. Around 1900 Andrew Truck acquired the Crofoot property. The home faced on Chapel street. There was a large lot bordering on Lincoln ave.

The Ledyard dyke crosses Lincoln ave.

Collin, Arnold & Sisson Furniture Factory, acquired later by Leopold and J. G. Stickley. Around 1906, Stickley built an addition on the west end of the factory, on Lincoln ave., to be used for upholstering and finishing rooms.

Mrs. O'Brien property.

George Craner property. The home faced on Warren street.

David Nash, Sr., store. The home faced on Warren street.

Vacant lot. Owner unknown.

At this point Lincoln ave. enters Washington street and Warren street crosses Washington street.

Vacant lot, part of the T. Holland property.

Peter Paltz family residence. He was a partner in the firm of Paltz Bros., Boot & Shoe Manufacturers. Later, Louis Belding acquired the property. Mr. Belding was employed at Stickley's.

Fred Potter family residence. This home was built on a lot acquired from F. Reals. At that time, Mr. Potter was partner in the firm of Coon & Potter, Grocers. This property was acquired later by Dell O'Brien, operator of the paper mill on the Beard property.

Wm. Morrison family residence. This was the former home and property of F. Reals. Mr. Morrison was president of the village, from 1903 to 1910. For many years he carried on a glove-making business. He was formerly one of the firm of Harter & Morrison, Glove Makers. Later, the firm dissolved, and Morrison carried on the business under his name.

John Relph family residence. He was a Civil War veteran and blacksmith. This home was built on part of the F. Reals property.

The Ledyard dyke crosses Lincoln ave.

Round Pond. This body of water was in early years known as Islet Lake. It was one of the leading features on the property of S. J. Wells. Later the pond became known as the Round Reservoir. The large mound in the center of the reservoir was created when the excavating was done, by heaping up the soil. Trees were planted on the mound, with evergreens around the fringe of the mound, maple trees on the terrace and on top, thus giving a sense of beauty to the surrounding grounds.

At this point Lincoln Ave. enters S. Manlius street.

Wm. Ammerman family residence. He was a Civil War veteran. This property was formerly owned by F. N. Honlar.

Mrs. Foster and son, Will Reals, family residence. This property was formerly owned by D. Griffin.

Vacant lot, owner unknown.

Wm. Edgerton family residence. This home was on the Skinner property. He was a painting contractor. Later, he moved to the home of Anna O'Brien, on E. Genesee.

Bert VanAllen family residence, when he first came to the village. Later, he moved to Edwards street. He operated a trucking business. This property on N. Park street was owned by D. Blanchard.

Sherman Smith residence. This property was owned by D. Blanchard.

Katy McCarthy residence. This property was formerly owned by J. Brislin.

J. Eaton property. Later, Jack Allen (Negro) occupied the house. He was employed at the Burhan & Blanchard Sash and Blind Factory, on S. Mill street. Later, the home was occupied by Carl Caryle, Stickley employee.

At this point N. Park street enters Warren street.

George Korb tenant house. At a later date Clarence Stanard, painter and paperhanger, acquired this property, and moved there from the former Frank Keeling home, on S. Manlius street.

George Korb family residence. He was a Civil War veteran and stone mason. He built the bridges spanning the dyke on Spring, Chapel, Orchard streets and Lincoln ave. There was a large lot on his property, at the corner of Walnut and N. Park streets.

Washington Park, bordering on Walnut, N. Park, S. Park and Chapel streets.

At this point N. Park street enters Chapel street.

South Park street, starting at Chapel street, going west on the north side.

Washington Park.

At this point S. Park street enters Walnut street.

Harcourt property. Peter Bartlett Smith acquired a lot on this property and built his home there. He was a Civil War veteran. Richard, Andrew, Porter and Walter Smith were sons. A daughter married Carl Graham.

Harcourt property. Later, Daniel Griffin built his home on a lot on this property. Dan was a musician, playing the bull fiddle. He was employed at Stickley's. A daughter married Irv Campbell. In a more recent year the Griffin property was acquired by W. E. McIntyre, one of the firm of McIntyre Bros. Paper Co. Inc.

Harcourt property. Later, John Cashin, Sr., acquired a lot with residence, moving there from a farm. He was retired.

Mrs. J. Costello residence. Later, Clara Lowe, sister of John Lowe, acquired this property. She was employed at Stickley's.

At this point S. Park street enters Chapel street.

S. J. Wells property, extending from S. Manlius street to the dyke, including a large currant lot, Round reservoir and surrounding land.

Ledyard dyke crosses Franklin street, making an S-curve at this point.

Robert Miller property. Vacant lot. This property extended along Franklin street, from the dyke to Spring street, from Franklin street, along Spring street to the Mrs. McGuiness property, which was later acquired by Tom Flattery. The east side of Miller's lot bordered on the dyke. Later, Charles Kessler acquired a lot on miller's property, just west of the dyke and facing on Franklin street, and erected his home there. He was superintendent at Stickley's. About the same time that Mr. Kessler was building his home, Louis Spencer acquired a lot just west of Kessler's and built a home for his son, George Spencer.

Samuel Snow property, consisting of a large vineyard and tenant house, which faced on Spring street. This property extended along Franklin street, from Spring street to Chapel street, and along Chapel street to border on the Skinner property, on the north side, and from the Skinner property on Spring street, along Spring street to Franklin street.

At this point Franklin street enters Chapel street.

F. Oliver property. Later, Harvey Morse, who conducted a fruit farm on S. Manlius street, acquired a lot at the corner of Chapel and Franklin streets and erected a tenant house. George Goodfellow, farmhand on the Morse farm, became occupant. Later, the tenant house was occupied by the Worlock family. He was an employee at the Suburban trolley line car barn.

F. Oliver property. Later, Fred Daggett was an occupant in a house on this property. At one time he was a merchant in Syracuse.

F. Oliver property. Later, Mike Reiley acquired a lot on this property, and built his home. Mike also acquired a narrow strip of land extending south from Franklin street to the road which connected the Manlius road near the Hunt farm, with the High Bridge road. The dyke bordered on this land. At the south end of Mike's land there was a farm tenant house, facing on that connecting road. Mike was a Civil War veteran. For some time he served as poormaster. When hobos were frequent visitors to the village, Mike welcome them, giving them a place to sleep, a building for that purpose, a good supper and breakfast. Later, Mike erected a tenant house, just west of his home. John Markle became a tenant. After Mike passed away, the property was acquired by Henry Flower, who established a chicken business there. Mr. Flower was a musician, and for some time he was also instructor of young men who had joined together to form an orchestra.

Vacant lot, originally owned by Tom Flattery. Later, Mike Reiley acquired that property.

Ledyard dyke crosses Franklin street.

S. J. Wells property, extending along Franklin street, from the dyke to S. Manlius street. On this property there was an orchard, part of his vineyards and a lot where raspberries were grown. The Wells' residence faced on S. Manlius street.

At this point Franklin street enters S. Manlius street.

Harvey Morse family residence, farmland, barn, cherry orchard and raspberry lot. His land extended east from S. Manlius street, to border on the E. Balsley farm, on the west side of the railroad, and bordering on the S. J. Wells' vineyard on the north. After Harvey passed away the house was used for tenants, and at one time the Marsh family were occupants. Later, Dan Humberstone occupied the home. He was foreman in the finishing room at Stickley's. Farther south of the Morse farm, about one-half mile, was the farmland of C. W. Wilson. This property was later acquired by Dr. I. M. Slingerland, who established a fruit farm there.

S. J. Wells vineyard, extending north from the Morse farm to the Protestant cemetery, and east to the railroad. A tenant house, facing on S. Manlius street, was at one time occupied by Lester Allen.

The Protestant cemetery. In recent years the cemetery extended along S. Manlius street, from Wells' vineyard to near the point opposite of where Clinton street enters S. Manlius street, and east to border on the Louis Hatch farm and Wells' vineyard.

The Fayetteville Protestant cemetery consisted of two and one-half acres in 1812. This land was given for a burying ground by Jasper Huntley. In 1864 the cemetery was increased by the purchase of five and one-half acres. This new land was bought from George Taylor and Reuben Bangs. The first president of the cemetery association was Porter Tremain. Later the cemetery was farther increased by purchase. Dave O'Neil and Wm. Agan were sextons during the years between 1890 and 1910.

I. J. Whitford farmland. This property extended along S. Manlius street from the cemetery to the property of Harvey Brown, and east, to border on Salt Springs street. Later it was known as the Lanson Benedict farm. He was later succeeded by Justus Gere, and Gere was succeeded by Hiram Reed, as owner. During Gere's ownership, he built his new home next to the north side of the cemetery, on S. Manlius street. Later, Gere sold the remaining land on S. Manlius street to B. H. Tracy, who erected two homes there.

Harvey Brown family residence. He was a carpenter. One of his daughters, Jennie, married Addison T. Colton. The younger daughter married George Havens. Later the Brown home was for a while occupied by Wilbur Mason, Sr., who was, at an earlier date, a proprietor of the Beard Hotel. Around 1905, Tom Rogers was occupant. He was associated with the canning factory, north of the village. Finally James Richer acquired the property.

G. Moulter family residence. Later, the home was occupied by Charles Bowman, and later by George Shelley, laborer, who was a brother-in-law of Bowman. These families were succeeded by other tenants. Finally Mrs. James Fay, widow, and sister of J. J. Cashin, acquired the property.

Mrs. Daniels property, with dwelling house. Later, Martin Doyle, Sr., occupied the house, moving there from Spring street. This property was finally acquired by Mrs. Mary A. Meagher.

Prescott property, with dwelling house. In early years Charles Thompson, brother of John E. Thompson, conducted a meat market in the basement of the house. This property was later acquired by Mrs. Carrier, widow. The Woodside family lived there for some time with Mrs. Carrier. Mrs. Woodside was a daughter of Mrs. Carrier's. Later, Mrs. Carrier moved to the south wing of the home and rented the main house to Claude Edwards, who was at that time an employee at the Grace Meat Grinder factory. Later, John Bigsby, conductor on the Suburban trolley line, was occupant. Charles Henry succeeded the Bigsby family, as tenant.

James Maltby residence. Retired. His sister, Sarah, also resided in the home. The youngest sister married DeLancy Bartlett, Jr.

S. A. June residence, later known as the Wm. Smith summer home. (Before mentioned.)

Catholic Rectory.

Catholic Church.

At this point S. Manlius street enters E. Genesee.

Village Park.

Brennan's saloon. This property was formerly owned by P. Holland, who acquired the property from Hervey Edwards, an early village merchant. Around 1890 the building burned, and the lot remained vacant for many years.

Root family residence.

Roots Bros., Dealers in Furniture and Groceries. They also conducted an undertaking business. This business was conducted by James Saunders, a Civil War veteran, and Jasper Root. Around 1890, the store burned, and a new building was erected, and James Saunders opened a furniture and undertaking business. Some years later the undertaking business was discontinued, and later the furniture business was also discontinued. An adopted son, Wm. H. Chambers, son of Lee Chambers, carried on the furniture business for a while, then he opened an upholstery business in the former store. Later, Wm. Edgerton bought the store and moved the building to a lot acquired from J. M. Tillotson. The building was then remodeled over into a dwelling house, to be used for rental. Then Wm. Chambers moved his upholstery shop to a barn on the Root property. The Root property extended from S. Manlius street through to Spring street. At a more recent date, Wm. Chambers discontinued his upholstery business and the shop became occupied by Benedict & Gage, Garage and Gas Station operators.

Wm. Edgerton family residence. Contracting painter. He built this home on a lot on the south side of the Root property, adjacent to the former Root Bros. furniture store. Mr. Edgerton moved there from the O'Brien house on E. Genesee. The Edgerton property was finally acquired by Ernest Davis, motorman on the Suburban trolley line and a former employee at Stickley's.

S. Gulick property, with house and barn. Later, this property was acquired by Oscar Agan, a Civil War veteran. In early years he was teamster for Collin, Arnold & Sisson.

S. Gulick property, with house. At one time the Reals family were occupants. Later, the property was acquired by Mrs. Miller, widow. Her oldest daughter married Wm. Brandis, a farmhand on the Allen farm, on W. Genesee. The youngest daughter married George Case, a conductor on the Suburban trolley line, and who later operated a trucking route between Syracuse and Cazenovia.

James Walker family residence. Later, he moved to the toll-gate on the Manlius road, and became toll collector. His property was later acquired by Robert Maphey.

Vacant lot, site of the former Applegate & Noble furniture factory. Later, Wm. Edgerton acquired the property and erected his new home, moving from his former home, a short distance north on S. Manlius. Finally the property was acquired by George Case, before mentioned.

M. W. Leach former property. Later, the house was occupied by Frank Boynton, one of the firm of Boynton Bros. Marble Works. At a later date B. H. Tracy acquired the property, and Albert Carr, partner in the firm of Everingham & Carr, Grocers, became occupant. About that time B. H. Tracy built a barn on the property. An Episcopal minister was a later occupant. At a later date Wm. M. Peckham, lawyer, was occupant, moving there from the former Dawley farm, on Dry Hill.

L. Britton residence. This property was later acquired by Mrs. Phillips, widow, and mother of Benjamin Phillips, who was a village policeman for many years, and later connected with the Court House, in Syracuse.

George Agan, Sr., family homestead. His sons were: Oscar, Hiram, George, Jr., and William Agan. This property was later acquired by George Bajus, cigar maker.

C. H. Jackson property, later acquired by Hiram Agan. (Before mentioned.)

Vacant lot, part of Dr. Frank G. Tibbitts property.

Frank Keeling family residence, with barn. He was an employee at the Protestant cemetery, doing seasonal work. During winters he cut stove wood for Charles L. Collin. After Mr. Keeling passed away, the property was acquired by Mrs. Frank Parker, who used the house for rental. Clarence Stanard, painter, was the first occupant. Later, the house was for a while occupied by Wilbur Johnson, laborer. A son, Herbert Johnson, was at one time employed by H. J. Knapp, and later by C. R. Eaton. The next occupant of the former Keeling home was Fred Parker, a son of Mrs. Frank Parker.

Mrs. Raymond, widow, residence, with barn and large lot. Later, the home was occupied by Sanford Hines. Finally the property was acquired by John H. Newman, painter for many years, and at one time was employed by Tom Nichols, and later by Allen Walrath. John was a Civil War veteran. A picket fence and board sidewalk bordered on S. Manlius street and to the house on Orchard street. From the barn to the end of the lot on Orchard street there was a tall-growing thorn hedge. He moved to this property from the canning factory tenant house, on S. Manlius street.

Vacant lot, part of the C. Crofoot property, which was later acquired by B. H. Tracy, and he built his new home there.

Frank Parker family residence and barn. This home was built on a lot formerly owned by Wm. Will. Louis Parker, a son, was an employee at the Collin, Arnold & Sisson factory, and later at Stickley's. John Parker, another son, worked in Syracuse. Fred Parker, the youngest son, was employed at the Merrill & Soule canning factory in Fayetteville, and later at the Merrill & Soule mince meat factory in Syracuse.

Palmer family residence and barn. This home was built on a lot formerly owned by Wm. Will, nurseryman, who has been before mentioned under Lincoln Ave. A lot, just east of the Protestant cemetery, on the S. J. Wells property, was where Palmer used to "try" out his fast horses on a sort of race track. The Palmer property was later acquired by Norris Griffin, a one-time proprietor of the Beard Hotel. Griffin moved to this address from a farm near the canning factory. Later, Dr. Steckles acquired the Griffin property. Finally the property was acquired by Louis R. Spencer, Tailor. Later, on a lot adjoining his home on the north side, he erected a home for his son, Carl, who was employed by his father.

S. J. Wells property, extending along S. Manlius street, from Lincoln ave. to Franklin street. There was a tenant house on this property, and at one time was occupied by George Daggett, a former farmhand on the David Collin farm, on E. Genesee. The land of the tenant house bordered on the Round Reservoir. On the lot south of the tenant house there was a large currant lot.

Samuel J. Wells family residence. "Wellwood," the fruit farm established by Samuel J. Wells, was once noted for the variety of grapes, currants and other small fruit grown there. The limestone soil was suitable for the growing of all kinds of fruit and grains, which can be grown in this climate. He also grew thousands of tuberose bulbs and kindred tubers, which he supplied the famous seedman, James Vick of Rochester. For many years Wells shipped to Boston and New York markets from ninety to one hundred and twenty-five tons of grapes and as many tons of currants. A familiar sight in summer in earlier years was the potted orange tree, which was placed just across the driveway in front of the home. Employees on the farm often dug up flint arrow heads. To name some of the employees; John (Jack) Cotter; Fred Allen; Gene Worden; Albert Nichols, son of Tom Nichols, painter, and for a while, Clarence Doolittle, son of Albert Doolittle. Wm. Crowley was teamster. Several women were also employed, in season, to sort and pack grapes. After S. J. Wells passed away, Dana, a son, operated the fruit farm.

Samuel J. Wells was born in New Hartford, Oneida Co., in 1830. He was educated in common schools and Clinton and Homer Academies. He engaged in the hardware business with Julius M. Royce, in Albion, in 1850. In 1855 he bought the hardware store of Gilmore & Pattee, in Fayetteville, and in 1865 he established a coalyard in the village, which he conducted for twenty-five years. He had for long been engaged in planting a fruit orchard on his farm in the village, and, selling his mercantile interests in 1890, he devoted his attention to fruit culture. His fruit farm of 50 acres, consists of 30 acres of vineyards, 10 acres of currants, and the remainder in orchards of apples, pears, plums and gardens. Mr. Wells built his home at "Wellwood," in 1864, where there is a beautiful sheet of water called Islet Lake in those days, and is one of the leading features of the handsome property. He grand old trees which line the highway and fill the spacious park in front of the home were all set out by Mr. Wells. He was the moving spirit in building the imposing school house, the Fayetteville High School, and chairman of the Board of Trustees which constituted the committee on construction. He was married in 1854 to Anna Smith Collin, sister of David Collin, 3rd. They were parents of five sons and one daughter: Samuel James, for many years known as Jim, was born in 1856; David Collin Wells, born in 1858; John Lewis Wells, born in 1860; Paul Irving, born in 1863; Dana Huntington, born in 1868, and Anna Sophia, burn in 1871. Dana graduated from Phillips Academy and followed farming and fruit growing with his father.

Bordering on the south side of the Wells' property was the Carpenter farm, formerly known as the Wheeler farm. A part of the farm was located on the east side of the Manlius road and bordered on the Harvey Morse farm. On part of this land there was a small piece of woods, known a Wheeler's Woods. Just south of the farm home was the Manlius road tollgate, operated by Jim Walker. Mr. Carpenter sold his farm property to Wm. Hunt, and moved to a farm in Lyndon. Mr. Hunt moved from Elm street to the farm.

Myron Bangs family residence.

DeLancy Bartlett family residence and barn. He conducted a drug store for many years. After Mr. Bartlett passed away, the business was carried on by his son, Dr. DeLancy Bartlett.

Mrs. Searles, widow, family residence. This property was formerly owned by A. Bartlett.

A. Bartlett property. A lot on this property was later acquired by Andrew Wilkin, lawyer, who erected his new home there. He moved there from the corner of Spring and Clinton streets.

David Collin, 4th of that name, family residence and farmland. The home was built in 1830, and until recently was widely known as the "Oak Grove." The name Oak Grove was taken after a large stand of oak trees, which was just north of the home. David Collin spent his last years there. Later, the home was occupied by Wm. T. Collin, son of David, 3rd, who worked the farm for many years. A part of the farm was located east of the railroad. In early years picnics were often held in the oak grove. A barn on this property was once used for a slaughter house.

Tenant house, on the Collin farm, just north of the grove. At one time the house was occupied by Mike Sheedy, a farmhand on the Collin farm. Later, Mike moved to the corner of Warren and Beach streets, and became an employee at Stickley's. Finally the tenant house was acquired by Kate Ryan, a sister of John Gleason. Later the property was deeded to Margaret McDonald, and finally deeded to Mike Gleason, a nephew

Kate Ryan, sister of John Gleason, bought the vacant lot just north of the Collin tenant house and later built a home where she lived and died, deeding the property to Mike Gleason.

Levi Frane family residence. He was employed at the Collin, Arnold & Sisson factory. Later, the Frane property was acquired by Louis Woodruff, Stickley employee.

Cradle Factory, operating in 1874.

R. Morgan family residence and barn. This property was later acquired by a Roberts family. In a more recent year, the home was occupied by Lloyd Morrison, carpenter. George Havens, carpenter, acquired the lot upon which the barn stood and remodeled the barn over into a home.

George Taylor Tannery. Mr. Taylor, abandoning the tannery on Spring street, just south of the later Tillotson's store, later built quite an extensive tannery on Bishop's brook, where he continued business for some years and was succeeded by others. The building finally went to decay.

R. Morgan property, farm land, with house and barn. This property was later occupied by a Dorr family, and later acquired by Norris Griffin, who was later a proprietor of the Beard Hotel. Mr. Griffin moved from this address to S. Manlius street. Later, this property was acquired by Arthur Holden, who married the youngest daughter of Mrs. Lanson Benedict. Finally the Holden property was acquired by Walter Norris, who conducted a meat market, succeeding George Ebeling.

Bishop's brook flows through the above property and crosses N. Manlius street.

W. Edwards family residence. He was a shoemaker. A daughter married Charles Wilson, son of Dexter Wilson, who was a village milkman in early years.

At this point a lane, later named James street, enters N. Manlius street. A small settlement of homes around this section was known as Hutchinsville, being named after Dr. Dennison Hutchins.

W. Edwards property.

Mrs. Templeton family residence. Later, the home was occupied by a son and married daughter, Jim Templeton and Mrs. Sitterly. Jim was teamster at the canning factory, and later employed by the Suburban trolley line.

Robert Gummer residence. Later, he acquired a farm on Dry Hill. The Landers family finally acquired the Gummer property on James street. The oldest son, Gilbert Landers, was a section worker on the Chenango R. R.

T. Barrett family residence. This property was later acquired by Mike Barrett, a son. Mike worked at Bangs & Gaynor lime kilns.

At this point a road crossed the railroad and let to the Hubbell farm, on the hill to the northeast.

Mrs. Robbins residence. This property was later acquired by Wm. Crowley, teamster for S. J. Wells.

O. Agan residence. Later occupant or owner unknown.

Part of the Hutchins property.

At this point James street enters N. Manlius street.

James N. Hutchins family residence. He was a farmer. Mr. and Mrs. Hutchins came to Fayetteville in the early 1830's. Their home was well known as the "Cobble Stone House," and here their children were born. They were: Dr. Dennison P., James N., Sophia and Marie Hutchins, all of whom lived in the home for many years. An elder son of Dr. Dennison Hutchins, Charles, a farmer, also lived in the home. A younger son, Frank, carpenter, lived in the village, on Spring street. At a more recent date, Frank Benedict, son of Mrs. Lanson Benedict, acquired both properties on Spring street and N. Manlius street.

Peter Smith family residence, barns, farmland, hopyard and hop kiln. This property was acquired from his father, J. T. Smith. Later, Peter sold the property and became a farmhand at the A. S. White farm on W. Genesee. In a later year, the Rooney family acquired the Smith farm.

Lynch family residence and farmland, formerly owned by T. Lynch, the father. The greater part of the farm lay east of the railroad, which paralleled N. Manlius street from the Lynch farm to the railroad bridge spanning the Erie Canal. Some distance north of the Lynch farm there was a siding on the railroad where Thomas Sheedy shipped lime from his mill and the canning factory shipped their products and received shipments of empty cans. At times the canning factory received shipments of empty boxes, which were used to pack their products in, and brought to the factory by scows towed by tug which plied the Erie Canal at that time.

P. Gaynor farm property. This land was rented by John E. Thompson, who grew hay there.

The old Malt House, on the bank of the Erie Canal was operated by Laurence, Shepard & Co. Here malt was made from barley or other grains steeped in water, fermented, and kiln-dried for brewing. The dried grain, after the malt was made, was often bought for chicken feed.

W. C. Stearns family residence, barn and small part of the farmland.

Tollgate. The tollgate was operated by Mrs. Walrath, and was located on the bank of the Erie Canal, high above the Fayetteville widewaters.

John E. Thompson's ice house. This building was located on the bank of the widewaters. For a number of years he harvested ice there, and after filling the ice house, he sold the contents to another ice dealer. Thompson operated this ice house along with the one located near his home in the village, also one near E. Syracuse.

John Sheedy family residence. He was a manufacturer of hydraulic lime and cement. The mill building, barn, wagon shed and lime kilns were located on the premises, near the Fayetteville feeder from where in early years the lime was shipped by canal. A son, Thomas, carried on the business after his father passed away.

Mike Toole family residence, barn and hop kiln. The greater part of his farmland lay east of the railroad. This property was formerly owned by T. Smith. Pat Toole, brother of Mike, also lived in the house and worked at the canning factory.

Levi Snell property, with small house in early years. Later, this property was acquired by Merrill & Soule, as part of their holdings when establishing a canning factory in 1890. The small house was used as a tenant house, and was occupied by a German family. He worked at the Sheedy lime mill. In a more recent year, Joe Holley acquired the house and a small lot and remodeled the house over into a larger home, also building a barn. He did general work where a horse was needed.

Seymour S. Pratt Boat Yard on the Fayetteville feeder, in early years. Later, Merrill & Soule acquired this property, and erected their canning factory, first starting with the carpenter shop of the boat yard, and adding on a larger building. It was near the boat yard carpenter shop that the author was taken by his grandfather to fish when around 6 years old while his grandfather fished for eels. There was also a tenant house on this property, and was, around the middle 1890's, occupied by J. H. Newman, who was at that time a night watchman at the factory. When the canning factory first began operations, all work was done by hand, like shelling peas, peeling tomatoes, cooking on large ranges, filling cans, capping and soldering. Later, corn was added to the output. This was also husked by hand. Later, the factory was enlarged, installing corn cutters, engine room and machinery which did all operations of canning. Steam cookers were also installed. A large storehouse was built a short distance north of the main building. Bishop's brook flowed under both buildings. The wooden boxes, in which their products were packed were shipped in via the canal. When shipping a consignment, they usually shipped via the railroad at either the village depot or from the railroad siding near the tollgate. Endless chain conveyors carried husked corn from the corn sheds to the corn cutters, on the second floor of the factory, and returned empty boxes. Levi Hatch, son of Louis Hatch and employee at the factory, lost a thumb in one of the corn cutters. Canned corn was labeled: Merrill & Soule Indian Brand Sweet Corn. Merrill & Soule were in business until 1918. Around 1896 Duane Moore, a son-in-law of Merrill's, was superintendent, and held that office for a number of years, until the business was sold to another firm, which was called the Fort Stanwix Canning Co. W. G. Ladd became superintendent. When the factory first installed the engine and machinery, Dwight Eastman was engineer. Later, the factory was again sold and was known as the New York Canning Co. Later the factory was abandoned and torn down.

Bishop's brook crosses N. Manlius street.

Peter Johnson family residence, barns and farmland. He lived to be one hundred years old. This property on N. Manlius street, from the canning factory to N. Mill street, now named Brooklea Drive, from N. Manlius street, to border on the property of Mike Gaynor, and west to border on what was known as the heel path of the Fayetteville feeder. Peter Johnson was born in Clifton Park, Saratoga Co., in 1795. In 1854 he moved to Manlius and bought a farm of 150 acres, which he conducted for fourteen years. He then moved to a farm of twenty-one acres in Fayetteville where he made his home. He was of English and German descent. In 1816 he married Abigail Crane of Weathersfield, Conn., who died in 1830 leaving three children. In 1831 he married Eliza A. Perry of Rome by whom he had three sons: Henry, who died at the age of twenty-one; Byron C., who conducted the farm in Fayetteville, and Edward, a manufacturer of Zanesville, Ohio. After his father passed away, Byron acquired the property. The main crop he raised was sweet corn, which he sold at retail to customers in Syracuse. The delivery was made by horse and wagon. Around 1896 the Johnson home burned and the property was later absorbed by Merrill & Soule.

Marquis L. Peck family residence and barn. He was descended from New England stock on both paternal and maternal sides, and by the former is the ninth generation from England. His English ancestor, Henry Peck with two brothers, having some over in the ship Hector, landed in Boston in 1638. From there they soon went to New Haven and were among the pioneer settlers of that colony. On both sides of the family he was descended from Revolutionary stock, his grandfather, Benjamin Peck, having enlisted at the age of eighteen years. Marquis L. Peck was born in the town of Sullivan in 1825. He was educated in common schools and attended the Oneida Conference Seminary, Cazenovia, in the years 1843-4. After spending three years as a teacher of common schools, he followed in the footsteps of his father, James Peck, as a successful farmer on the homestead of 200 acres in Sullivan, from which he retired in 1870, and settled in the comfortable home in Fayetteville. He was chairman and secretary of the Fayetteville Union School (better known as Fayetteville High School) three years, and was a member of the board of directors of the Fayetteville National Bank fifteen years, and its vice-president after 1886, on the death of Levi Snell, and was Snell's successor. He married Sarah E. Fritcher, of Bridgeport, in 1851. Four children were born, two of whom were: Mrs. James H. Mathews and Charles M. Peck. After his father passed away, Charles acquired the property. In a more recent year, the property was acquired by Frederick N. Delano, Chemist.

David Collin, 4th, farmland, later known as the W. T. Collin farm. This property extended along N. Manlius street, from the Peck property to border on the property of E. J. Hoyt, and extended west, to border on N. Mill street.

William Hoyt, later E. J. Hoyt family residence, later known as the home of Mrs. E. J. Hoyt. Later, a lot adjoining the home on the north side was acquired by Frank (Buck) O'Neil, lawyer, and he built his home there.

Mrs. E. J. Hoyt property, a vacant lot which was later acquired for a playground at the Fayetteville High School.

The Fayetteville High School.

At this point N. Manlius street enters E. Genesee.

Tom Nichols property, formerly owned by M. H. Larabee (Before-mentioned.)

J. Boxham residence. This home was later occupied by a Hotaling family. Several years later the house was razed. At a later date George W. Osborn, carpenter, son of Wm. Osborn, who was also a carpenter, acquired a lot on this property and built his new home. This home was later sold to Riley Thurston, section boss on the Chenango R. R. In a more recent year, Harry Nichols built his home on a lot adjoining the Thurston property on the north side.

J. Crow family residence. This property was later acquired by Herman Willett, laborer. In a more recent year, Joe Hand, son-in-law of Herman Willett, acquired a lot just north of the Willett home and built his home there.

John E. Thompson family residence. (Before-mentioned.)

At this point Green street enters Lincoln Ave.

John E. Thompson property, with barn and blacksmith shop. This property was formerly owned by Wm. F. Will. (Before-mentioned.)

Mrs. Hatch, widow, residence. (Before-mentioned.)

At this point Green street enters Orchard street.

R. Morgan property, later acquired by J. M. Tillotson. (Before-mentioned.) This property extended along Spring street, to border on the old tannery property. In a more recent year, a lot on the south side of the vacant lot owned by Tillotson was acquired by Wm. Edgerton, who moved the former Root store there, and remodeled it over into a dwelling house.

The original George L. Taylor tannery, which he operated for many years. On the north side of the tannery property near the rear of the tannery was a large building which was used to dry hides, and in the rear of this building there was a small shed, where Jack Taylor kept his tar barrels and tools, for the laying of tar sidewalks. George L. Taylor, after many years, abandoned the tannery and built another tannery on Bishop's brook, north of the village. George Fisher then became operator of the Taylor tannery, and was known as the George Fisher & Co. Tannery. The tannery was later operated by George Salg, brother of Abram Salg. The tannery property extended along spring street from the Morgan (later Tillotson) property to Clinton street, extending along Clinton street from Spring street, to border on the Samuel Snow property, and extending west from Spring street, to border on the Mrs. L. Tremain property. The tannery business was discontinued in the late 1870's. The tannery was operated by water power, brought there through an underground trunkline from the Square Reservoir. The water wheel was on the south side of the tannery. In the early 1890's the tannery was greatly deteriorated. The roof on the rear of the building had fallen in. For a while a room on the south side was used as a paint shop. The old tin vats and heaps of tanbark were still evident at that time. Finally the tannery and immediate property was acquired by Abram Salg. The old tannery was razed, and at a later date John Wright bought a lot on the site of the tannery and built his new home.

Two-family dwelling house, known as the tannery tenant house. At that time, George Salg was occupant in one side of the house. Later, the house, with a large lot, was acquired by John Coughlin, section boss on the Chenango R. R.

Abram Salg family residence. He built his home on a lot acquired from the George Fisher Tannery Co. He was president of the village in 1894, and living at this address. He was born in Bridgeport in 1853. Jacob, his father, was a native of Germany. He came to this country in early life and followed his trade of tanning. He died in 1869. There were four sons and one daughter. Abram was educated in common schools of Madison Co. and Cicero. After leaving school he learned the carpenter's trade. In 1875 he moved to Fayetteville and became employed at the Collin, Arnold & Sisson factory, and later at Stickley's. In 1875 he married Nellie A., daughter of Edwin Williams, a farmer of Pompey. There were two children, Minnie and Bert Nelson Salg. In a more recent year, he sold his home on Spring Street and built a new home on E. Genesee.

Deb Elting family residence. He was employed at the Collin, Arnold & Sisson factory. His home was built on a lot acquired from the George Fisher & Co. Tannery property. Later, the Elting property was acquired by Trude Grove, who conducted a saloon on N. Mill street. A while later, Charles Loomis, bartender for Trude, became occupant. Cyrus Parsons succeeded Loomis, as occupant. Later, Oliver W. Moulter, Insurance, moved there. Moulter sold his home on W. Genesee, and became a tenant.

Andrew Wilkin property, formerly owned by J. Doe. Later, Mrs. G. C. Dibble acquired the property, and Abram Salg bought the property from Mrs. Dibble. Abe moved there from his home on East Genesee.

Mrs. Hemans residence. Later, J. H. Newman was occupant in the home, having moved there from S. Burdick street. This property was later acquired by H. Adsit, who later operated an alfalfa mill in the Beard feed mill, on W. Genesee. He remodeled the home and built on a front and side porch. In a more recent year, the property was acquired by David Lyons, who moved there from Nelson. He was employed at Stickley's.

I. Morey family residence. Later, Frank Mott, Jr., tinsmith, occupied the home. At a more recent date, Mrs. McKee acquired the Morey property.

Mrs. Sadler family property. (Before-mentioned.) Later, George Salg bought the property and built his home there, on the site of the old Sadler home. Wm. Osborn was a later owner. Finally the property was acquired by Frank Mott, Jr., who moved there from the Morey house.

Mrs. Sadler property, a large vacant lot. Later, this lot became the property of the N. P. Sitts family. The lot extended along Spring street, from the former Mrs. Sadler's home to the property of C. W. Cook. The lot at one time was rented to a showman who held a circus there. At a more recent date, the lot was bought by Frank Stilwell, employee at the Suburban trolley line car barn, and he built his home there. Later, Margaret Cashin, sister of J. J. Cashin, acquired a lot from Frank Stilwell and erected a house just south of the Stilwell home. Miss Cashin made the house available for rental.

W. C. Cook property, vacant lot. Later, the lot was acquired by Wilbur Mason, Jr., who built his home there. He was an insurance agent for the Metropolitan Co. In a more recent year the Mason property was acquired by Prof. Henry R. Francis.

H. Higley property, a vacant lot.

Jos. Bloser property, a vacant lot. This lot extended along Lincoln Ave., from Spring street to the property of Andrew Truck, whose home was on Chapel street.

Dyke crosses Spring Street.

P. Skinner property, a vacant lot extending along the south side of the dyke, from Spring street to Chapel street, and bordering on the north side of the Samuel Snow property. Later, the lot was leased by Louis Hueber, who established a vineyard there. The lot was later acquired by L. Stickley, who used it for a lumber yard.

Samuel Snow property, with tenant house and vineyard. At one time the house was occupied by J. H. Newman, who moved there from Orchard street.

At this point Spring street enters Franklin street.

Robert Miller property, vacant lot. (Before-mentioned.) In the early 1890's the author watched his father 'cradle" wheat on this lot, having lived at that time in the Snow tenant house, just across Spring street.

Mrs. McGuiness residence. This home was later occupied by the Fairbanks family. Later, Tom Flattery acquired the property, and after living there for several years, he moved to Salt Springs street, where he had acquired property.

At this point the dyke crosses Spring street.

John Sullivan family residence, with large corner lot. His sons were: Timothy, Daniel, William and John Sullivan, who was better known as "Bootjack." Tim was a laborer. Dan was employed by John Thompson. Will was employed by H. J. Knapp. John worked in Syracuse. The oldest daughter, Hannah, married John Gaugel.

Tom Templeton property, vacant lot. This lot was later acquired by Wm. VanEpps, who built his home and livery stable there. He also had Western horses shipped in to train for later livery use.

S. A. June tenant house. At one time the house was occupied by Martin Doyle, Sr. Later, Wm.

Donaldson was occupant. Donaldson was succeeded by Dick Ralph, a moulder. His oldest daughter, Sadie, married George Hale, who was a conductor on the Suburban trolley line. Later, Hale became a lumber dealer in Manlius. Finally the property was acquired by Arthur Hopkins, who later sold to Ted Goodfellow, son of Tobias Goodfellow, and who was employed at the Precision.

Tom Templeton property, before-mentioned.

Hiram Garlock family residence and barn. The home was a square, upright building, topped with a cupola. There was a one-story wing on the east side. The home was equipped with inside blinds, as were many homes in the village. Hiram Garlock was born in 1830. At the age of nineteen he learned the carpenter's trade. In 1874 he moved to Fayetteville. He built many of the finest homes in the village, also a builder of churches and schools.

Hiram Garlock tenant house and large barn. In early years Wm. VanEpps used the barn for stabling his "wild" horses. In the barnyard, on the south side of the barn, was a "snubbing-post," where the wild mustangs were snubbed by horse-breakers, after being lassoed and blind-folded, so that a horse could be harnessed. The horse was then harnessed to a "breaking-cart," which was strongly made to withstand the antics of an undisciplined mustang. The thills were made of large, "green" elm limbs, of poles, that were unbreakable, for a wild horse would often sit or lie down on them. And the horse was harnessed far enough from the breaking-cart so it wouldn't kick the cart of pieces. Later, Ed Goodfellow was occupant of the tenant house. He was teamster for Fred Lamphere, coal dealer. For a while the tenant house was occupied by the Southmaid family, and later by Ed Terry, who was at one time associated with Anthony Wager, builder of state roads. Finally the property was acquired by Fred Cathers, who was at an earlier date manager of the Fayetteville creamery. Later, he engaged in carpenter work.

George Agan family residence. He was a brother of Oscar, Hiram and William Agan. This home was built on a lot formerly owned by Hiram Garlock, and just north of the Garlock tenant house. George was a former employee at the Collin, Arnold & Sisson factory, and later at Stickley's.

Artemus Bessie property. (Before-mentioned.)

N. P. Sitts family residence and shoe shop. (Before-mentioned.)

E. Cotter family residence. Ed, the eldest son, worked at the C. Tremain lime kilns, and later for J. Behan, who acquired the Tremain lime kilns, near Manlius. In later years, Ed worked at a cement plant in Syracuse. John, a son, first worked for Harvey Morse, and later he was employed at the S. J. Wells fruit farm. In more recent years he was employed at the Protestant cemetery. Sarah, a daughter, married Dwight Eastman, who was at one time engineer at the Merrill & Soule canning factory. Later, he was engineer at the Millspaugh & Green coalyards in Syracuse. At a more recent date he was engineer at the Fayetteville creamery, when Fred Cathers was manager. Dwight and his wife lived in the Cotter home. The front of the Cotter property was bordered by a picket fence. Several years after the father passed away, the old home was razed, and a new, more modern home was built. A younger son, William, worked in a razor factory, in Salamanca.

J. Regan family residence. John, a son, was clerk at the Bangs & Gaynor lime kilns office. Ella, a daughter, was a school teacher.

Vacant lot, property of S. Gulick.

Vacant lot, property of the Prescott family. This lot, also the lot on the S. Gulick property, was acquired by the Perry family, who built a home on the former Prescott property. Later, the Perry home was occupied by Albert Nichols, a son of Tom Nichols. Finally this property was acquired by Mrs. C. H. Jackson and daughter, Clara, who moved there from their home on Chapel street.

Roots Bros. property. (Before-mentioned.)

Paint shop, on a lot adjoining the root property. The paint shop property was later acquired by the Quackenbush family. A daughter, Katherine, married Frank Hutchins, who was a son of Dr. Dennison Hutchins. Frank was a carpenter. In a more recent year, Frank Benedict, who was then employed at Stickley's, acquired the Hutchins property on Spring street.

Jack A. Taylor property. (Before-mentioned.)

At this point Spring Street enters E. Genesee.

Episcopal Church, with horse sheds.

H. H. Edwards residence. This property was later acquired by Charles Gaffey. In a more recent year the home was occupied by Wm. Orman, who was at one time employed at the Suburban trolley line car barn.

Vacant lot, property of H. Eaton. This lot, in early years, extended along Chapel street to Clinton street. In a more recent year, a lot on this property was acquired by Arthur B. Wilson, who built his home there.

Arnold family residence. This property, a vacant lot, was originally owned by H. Eaton. Later, the lot was acquired by H. Bayley, who built his home there. This property was later acquired by the Arnold family, and in a more recent year by John Sherwood. (Before-mentioned.)

Edward Collin property. (Before-mentioned.)

The dyke flows along the west side of Chapel street, from the Collin property to Lincoln Ave.

Collin saw mill property. (Before-mentioned.)

Collin, Arnold & Sisson factory, and later, Stickley's. (Before-mentioned.)

At this point the dyke crosses Chapel street.

F. Reals property. Later, Richard (Dick) Smith acquired a lot on this property and built his home there. He was a painter, and at one time he worked for Allen Walrath. In later years he was a finisher at Stickley's. Dick married Julia Wager, a daughter of Anthony Wager, Sr., who lived on Dry Hill.

H. Honlar family residence. This property was later acquired by Wm. Ammerman, a Civil War veteran.

Washington Park.

Mrs. J. Costello residence. This property was later acquired by Clara Lowe. (Before-mentioned.)

Mrs. M. Milford residence. This property was later acquired by John Lowe. In early years he was the village lamp lighter. In later years he was employed at Stickley's.

At this point Chapel street continues on into a small settlement known as Loweville. (More about this later.)

Harvey Morse tenant house, occupied by George Goodfellow, the first tenant. (Before-mentioned.)

Samuel Snow property. (Before-mentioned.)

P. Skinner property. (Before-mentioned.)

The dyke crosses Chapel Street.

H. Crofoot family residence. Later, this property was acquired by Andrew Truck, who came to Fayetteville from Otisco around 1892, and first worked as a farmhand for Nathaniel Gillett. He left there to work on the Eli Bangs' farm. Later, he moved to the Crofoot home. In more recent years he was employed at the Suburban trolleyline car barn, and later at Stickley's.

Applegate property, with tenant house. At one time the house was occupied by the Hillegas family. Mr. Hillegas was employed at the Collin, Arnold & Sisson factory. The house was later occupied by Collin Daggett, employee at Stickley's. Later, George W. Osborn, carpenter, occupied the house.

H. Crofoot property. This property was later acquired by Ed Clark, son of Oran Clark, carpenter, and a dwelling house was built there. Later, it was used as a tenant house, and was occupied by George Fulmer, who was employed at the Collin saw mill. The house was later occupied by the Myers family. Mr. Myers was a former prospector in the Klondike region. Finally the property was acquired by John Thurber.

Mrs. Hemans property, later acquired by Samuel Woodford. (Before-mentioned.)

Victor Kingsley property, later acquired by Ed Kelley. (Before-mentioned.)

J. Riordan family residence. This property was later acquired by Charles Dickerson, who remodeled the old home. He was employed at the Collin, Arnold & Sisson factory, and later at Stickley's.

Mrs.Millman property. Later, C. H. Jackson acquired the property and built a new home. He moved there from Clinton street, after selling his home to J. H. Mathews. The home on Chapel street was later occupied by the Hubbard family. The Hawkins family was a later occupant, and later, the Shelton family moved in.

Mrs. Curtiss residence. This property was later bought by Wm. Austin, who later sold the property to Amanda Potter. Finally the property was acquired by Myron Beach. (Before-mentioned.)

Samuel Snow family residence. He operated a bee hive factory, also was a dealer in honey bees and honey boxes. He was a joiner and carpenter, and also operated a vineyard, from which he made wine. The large home was built of stone with cement covering. In the rear of the home was a wine cellar, where tuns of wine were stored. Later, the home was occupied by Mrs. Bex, widow. Finally the property was acquired by Dr. Coburn Badgley, who moved there from the corner of Chapel and E. Genesee streets.

Mrs. L. Tremain property, a vacant lot, which extended along Chapel street, from the Snow property to the home of Mrs. Tremain. In a later year Charles Dickerson acquired a lot at the south end of the large vacant lot, and he built his new home there. In a more recent year an Episcopal parsonage was built on the former Tremain property.

Mrs. L. Tremain residence. Just south of the home there was a large white barn. This property at the corner of Chapel and E. Genesee streets has been before-mentioned.

At this point Chapel street enters E. Genesee.

Baptist Church. (Before-mentioned.)

Horse shed, in the rear of the church.

Sexton's house of the Baptist church. At one time the house was occupied by the Tyler family.

The old Academy. In early years the principals were Theodore Y. Kinne and Jerome Bayne. Later, after the new Fayetteville High School was built in 1889, the Academy merged with the new school. The Academy remained vacant for many years. At one time it was occupied by a boys' club, for a short time. Finally the property was acquired by Wm. Gaynor, who razed the building, and later used the old lumber to build his summer cottage on land east of the T. Lynch property on N. Manlius street. On this land, high above the Fayetteville widewaters, the Gaynor family could get a view of the Erie Canal for miles to the west. In a more recent year, George Graham, agent for a cement company, acquired the lot on the site of the Academy, and built his new home.

At this point Academy street enters Elm street.

J. D. Stearns property, later the residence of the Moffitt family. (Before-mentioned.)

Professor Thompson residence. This residence was the former home of President Grover Cleveland. Wm. Hoyt married President Cleveland's sister, Mary. Another sister, Rose Elizabeth Cleveland, earned much attention by her writings. President Cleveland attended school at the old Academy. As a boy, he worked at times in the Snell & Smith store, and also one year for John McViccar. He visited the village in 1887, and delivered a political speech to those who had gathered in the park on Chapel street. He was welcomed by several of his boyhood friends, some of whom were Dr. Frank G. Tibbitts, Howard Edwards, Wm. Austin and Addison Cole, Jr.

Dr. Curtis Hurd property. (Before-mentioned.)

At this point Academy street enters E. Genesee.

H. H. Gage property. (Before-mentioned.) Adjoining this property on the south there was quite a deep ravine. The street was built up over this, and there was a railing along the west side of the sidewalk.

R. C. Hatch family residence. This property was later acquired by Willis Harnden, merchant.

Mrs. G. C. Dibble property, acquired later by Thurlow Carr. (Before-mentioned.)

Leopold Stickley property. (Before-mentioned.)

The dyke crosses Walnut street.

David Collin property. Dwelling house, later acquired by the Bushnell family. (Before-mentioned.)

P. Crowley property, acquired later by Patrick Keohane. (Before-mentioned.)

Mrs. O'Brien property. (Before-mentioned.)

T. Holland property, acquired later by Charles Marsh. There was a dwelling house and large three-cornered lot, with barn. This lot bordered on the west of Walnut street, the east side of Washington street, and the south side of Lincoln Ave.

At this point Washington street enters N. Park and Walnut street.

George Korb property. In a more recent year George Ebeling acquired a lot on this property, facing on Walnut street, and built his new home, using the paving stones which were formerly used in the pavement around the watering trough, which was donated to the village by Col. J. F. Gaynor.

Snyder family property. later acquired by George Motsiff. He was a musician, playing a violin at dances. At one time he was also Water Commissioner and Commissioner of the Village Public Works.

I. Brown property, acquired later by Wm. Lowe.

Beyond this point Walnut street continues on into the settlement of Loweville.

Harcourt family residence. This property was later acquired by Bartlett Smith. (Before-mentioned.)

Washington Park.

D. Blanchard property. The house was later occupied by Sherman Smith. (Before-mentioned.)

D. Blanchard property, acquired later by John Regan. He was employed at Stickley's. A brother-in-law, Mike O'Brien, mason, also lived in the home.

Peter Paltz property, acquired later by Louis Belding. (Before-mentioned.)

Stickley's furniture factory property. (Before-mentioned.)

Luke Burns property, on the former Collin, Wells & Tremain property. (Before-mentioned.)

Precision Castings Co. (Before-mentioned.)

The dyke crosses Walnut street.

Ed Collin property. (Before-mentioned.)

Parker S. Carr property. (Before-mentioned.)

H. Eaton family residence. The home was later occupied by the Filmore family. Finally the property was acquired by Alfred I. Doust, Civil Engineer. (With an arrow pointing to Alfred I. Doust, an addition says "Dave Carey's.")

Lot on the former Mrs. Wells property. In a more recent year Fred Eaton, son of Robert Eaton, built his home there.

Mrs. Wells residence, acquired later by Robert Eaton. (Before-mentioned.)

At this point Walnut street enters E. Genesee.

Hervey Edwards residence and barn, acquired later by Fred Lamphere. (Before-mentioned.)

Later, a dwelling house was built on a lot adjoining the barn, and at one time Bert VanAllen occupied the house. He moved to this address from N. Park street. He was in the trucking business.

Vacant lot on the H. Edwards Estate, later acquired by Wm. Markham. (Before-mentioned.)

At this point Edwards street enters Elm St.

Mrs. A. L. Seward property. Later, Mrs. Rice occupied a home there. (Before-mentioned.)

J. W. Moulter property, acquired later by Col. J. F. Gaynor. (Before-mentioned.)

At this point Edwards street enters E. Genesee.

D. Burhans property, later acquired by H. J. Knapp. (Before-mentioned.)

H. J. Knapp's barn.

Burhans & Blanchard property. Later, the Kincaid family occupied the dwelling house. In a more recent year the Steinbach family acquired the property.

Mrs. Wyble property, later acquired by Steve Talbot, a former proprietor of the Beard Hotel.

Mrs. Fulmer residence. This property was later acquired by Mike Sheedy, a former farmhand at the W. T. Collin farm. At this time Mike was employed at Stickley's. He moved to this address from the Collin farmhouse, on N. Manlius street.

Beach St., in early years, was known as Cedar St. It connected Warren St. with S. Mill St. On the north side of Cedar (Beach) St. there was a store house, property of Burhans & Blanchard. Later, on the site of the store house, there was a small store house built, and was used by Wilbur Jones, miller. The next property, west, was owned by H. L. Beard, passed on later to Fred Beard. Next, there was a dwelling house on the property of Dr. Charles Baker. At one time this house was occupied by the Inman family. In a later year, Norm Knaus built a furniture factory on a lot on the Baker property, and later, the factory burned. The next property, west, was owned by O. D. Burhans. Next was the C. C. Barker property, and just west of that, was the Beard, Crouse & Co. paper manufacturers mill, facing on S. Mill St. The dyke bordered on the south side of Cedar (Beach) St.

E. French dwelling house. This property was later acquired by the Peavy family. In a more recent year the property was acquired by Lemuel Burt, who moved there from Elm St.

Vacant lot, property of E. French. Later, a dwelling house was erected, and later occupied by Bert Goodfellow, who later became a village policeman. At a later year Romeo Battle acquired the property. He was a former merchant, being located in the building where John E. Thompson formerly conducted a meat market. Romeo (later known as Raymond) Battle was at this time employed at the S. Cheney & Sons foundry, in Manlius.

Vacant lot, property of Mrs. Lee. The house burned in early years. (Before-mentioned.)

Former Palmer property, later owned by Sanford Erkenbeck. (Before-mentioned.)

The dyke crosses Warren Street.

Hatch & Beard Flour Mill property. Later the mill burned, and the property was later acquired by Levi Swan. (Before-mentioned.)

Vacant lot, part of the John Shea property.

John Shea family residence. Later, the Howe family acquired this property and remodeled the home.

Mrs. Sisson family residence. This property was later acquired by David Nash, Sr. Later, he erected a building, an addition on the home, and opened a store. In later years he was a teamster.

Lincoln Ave. enters Washington St.

Jeremiah Crowley family residence. Retired.

O. D. Blanchard property, with dwelling house. This property was later acquired by Albert Ulmer. He operated a greenhouse.

W. Espenham property, with dwelling house, barn and farmland. He was a dealer in hydraulic lime and cement. This property was later acquired by the Hessler family. The Kidder family succeeded the Hessler family as owner. Later, Mrs. Perry, mother of Irving Perry, who married Natalie Ecker, became owner. Henry C. Harris succeeded Mrs. Perry as owner. In a more recent year the property was acquired by Camp Hillcrest, Inc.

At this point Warren St. continues on into Loweville.

E. Mahar property, in early years.

J. Bloser property, in early years.

Gravel bed. Owner unknown.

George Korb tenant house, acquired later by Clarence Stanard. (Before-mentioned.)

At this point N. Park St. enters Warren St.

J. Eaton residence, later occupied by Jack Allen (Negro). (Before-mentioned.)

R. Taylor residence. This property was later acquired by DeLancy Worden.

George Craner family residence. A son, Peter, was a glove maker. Later, Anthony Thomas, a son-in-law of George Craner and farmer, acquired the property.

Andrew Keefe family residence. After Andrew passed away, his widow acquired property on Beach St., and moved there. Hiram Bushnell, father of Clarence Bushnell, acquired the Keefe property.

W. Filmore residence. This property was later acquired by the Peters family. (Before-mentioned.) (Addition says "Barney Fortunato-Cuningham.")

The dyke crosses Warren St.

R. C. Hatch property. Later, a dwelling house was built on a lot on this property and was occupied later by Thomas Chapman, lawyer and Civil War veteran. Late, the home was occupied by Harry Guild, wood finisher at Stickley's. In a more recent year he acquired the Keefe property on Beach St. and moved there.

Vacant lot, property of R. C. Hatch.

Hubbard property, later acquired by Oscar Hollenbeck. (Before-mentioned.)

Henry Hoag residence. (Before-mentioned.)

Mrs. Boyd residence. Later, the home was occupied by the Jones family. He operated the former Beard grist mill for some time, until he was seriously hurt at the mill. The Boyd property was finally acquired by Anson Fulmer, painter.

Mrs. H. J. Knapp tenant house, at one time occupied by Edson Shepard, pattern maker at S. Cheney & Sons. He moved there from the Dr. Cook tenant house, at the corner of W. Genesee and Highbridge Sts. The Knapp house was occupied later by the C. Scott family.

B. C. & H. Beard tenant house, occupied by Oran Clark, carpenter.

B. C. & H. Beard Grist Mill. This mill on the east side of Warren St. is one of the oldest industrial sites in the village. It was first occupied by Kasson Frazer of Syracuse. After two years Beach Beard fitted up the mill for a grist mill, and later was conducted by Henry D. Pratt and Cornelius Nichols. This firm failed and Huntington Beard, being the heaviest creditor, obtained the mill and made extensive improvements. Dennison Higley, the father of Mrs. Thomas Skinner, who lived on Center St., became the superintendent. Later, the mill was operated by Jones, who was seriously hurt at the mill and had to discontinue business. At a later year Wilbur Jones, not related to the former Jones, acquired the mill property, and carried on the feed mill business. The mill became known as the Red Mill. (Addition says "Harry Tuttle--torn down")

B. C. & H. Beard tenant house, at one time occupied by the Roantree family. Later, the house was occupied by Fred Williams, caretaker at the W. W. Cheney home, in Manlius.

B. C. & H. Beard tenant house. Occupant unknown.

J. Ecker tenant house. In a later year this property was acquired by Wilbur Jones, miller. Later, he built a new home on Highbridge St. He was the first president of the Fayetteville Commercial Bank. Finally Carl Williams acquired the Jones' home on Warren St. At that time Carl was employed at the Suburban trolley line powerhouse.

J. Ecker family residence, later acquired by Col. M. B. Birdseye. (Before-mentioned.)

At this point Warren St. enters E. Genesee.

W. A. Tibbitts property, later acquired by Charles H. VanSchaick. (before-mentioned.)

Village Fire Department building, housing hose and hose carts. A fire bell in the cupola was run by whoever discovered a fire, by pulling on a rope, to arouse the village and firemen. The hose carts were pulled along by hand. The first fire company was organized in 1845, and reorganized as Fire Company No. I, in 1854. The Hydra Company (fire and hose) was organized in 1861.

H. Hoag family residence. This property was later acquired by Dennison Higley, who in early years was superintendent at the Beard grist mill on Warren St.

Mrs. A. L. Seward property. Later, Fred Potter acquired a lot on this property at the corner of Elm and Center Sts., and built his home there. (Before-mentioned.)

C. Pratt property. The stone house was occupied by Jackson Walsh. (Before-mentioned.)

Frank Mott, Sr., family residence, barn and large lot. He was a farmer, tinsmith and hardware dealer. Edward, a farmer, and Fred, tinsmith, two eldest sons of Frank Mott, lived in the house. In a more recent year, a son, Lawrence Mott, built his home on a lot just south of his father's house.

At this point Center St. joins Mechanic St.

W. Taskey property. (Before-mentioned.)

Wm. Austin property. Later, the house was occupied by Ral Service, who was succeeded by Merrill, of Merrill & Soule. (Before-mentioned.)

L. Evans property, later acquired by the Ransier family. (Before-mentioned.)

F. C. Darling family residence. He was the first editor of the first newspaper published in the village. The newspaper bore the name of "The Recorder," which was published in the basement of his home. Later, James Goodfellow acquired the F. C. Darling property and occupied the home. Jim was the first janitor of the Fayetteville High School, and held that occupation for many years. In more recent years, a son, Harry J. Goodfellow, was postmaster of the village.

(Addition says "missed one".)

H. Wood property, later acquired by Dr. I. M. Slingerland. (Before-mentioned.)

At this point Center St. enters E. Genesee.

Beach St. (so-called in recent years), a short street connecting Warren St. with Clinton St., going west for a block, then turning south for one block.

Mike Sheedy property. (Before-mentioned.)

Wilbur Jones feed storage building.

The Knaus furniture factory, just off the north side of Beach St. (Before-mentioned.)

Inman family residence. (Before-mentioned.)

At this point the street turns south and is bordered by the dyke, on the west side.

Frank Allen (Negro) property, later acquired by Lee Chambers. (Before-mentioned.)

Lee Chambers family residence. He was employed at the paper mill. It was later that he acquired the F. Allen property.

Two tenant houses, owners and occupants unknown.

Mrs. Andrew Keefe family residence. She moved to this address from Warren St.

At this point Beach St. turns east.

Peavy family residence. Later, this property was acquired by Lemuel Burt. (Before-mentioned.)

At this point Beach St. enters Warren St.

Beach Beard family residence. This property was later acquired by the Ulmer family. This property extended along Washington St., from Clinton St. to the point opposite where Orchard St. enters Washington St. A high board fence, along the sidewalk, bordered on the east side of the property for some distance to the south. Farther south, along Washington St., there were six tenant houses, owned by Beach Beard. In the rear of the home, on the large lot, there was a barn. Later, the first four tenant houses were razed. The occupant of the fifth house is unknown. The sixth house was occupied by Alfred Draper, paper mill employee.

Louis Hueber family residence, barn and farmland. He was born in France in 1832 and came to this country in 1852. In 1854 he located in Fayetteville and followed fruit culture and carpentering. A son, Charles, was a village merchant at one time. Rev. S. P. Hueber, a son, lived in St. Louis, Mo. A daughter, Gertrude, was organist at the Church of the Immaculate Conception. She married Joe Grady.

Vacant lot, owner unknown.

R. Taylor property, later acquired by DeLancy Worden, carpenter. The home faced on Washington St. A son, Web Worden, was the first boy in the village to own a high-wheel bicycle. The bicycle had a high wheel, about five feet high, in front, and a small wheel in the rear, about nine inches in diameter. The bicycle was mounted by using a small step on one side of the frame, just above the rear wheel.

P. Paltz property, later acquired by John Cummings, a Civil War veteran. He was employed (insert says Collin, Arnold & Sisson) at Stickley's. William, a son, was bartender at the Wands House.

J. Brislin property, later acquired by Katy McCarthy. (Before-mentioned.)

At this point Washington St. enters N. Park and Walnut Sts.

T. Holland property, later acquired by Charles Marsh. (Before-mentioned.)

Mrs. Sisson property, later acquired by David Nash, Sr. (Before-mentioned.)

John Shea property, with dwelling house. At one time the house was occupied by the Briggs family. Later, the Charles Russell family were occupants. He was employed at Stickley's. George W. Osborn was a son-in-law. At a later date Al Delong was occupant. He was engineer at Stickley's.

Mrs. McAllen property, later acquired by Juan Goodfellow. (Before-mentioned.)

At this point Orchard St. enters Washington St.

Hatch & Beard Flour Mill property, later acquired by Levi Swan. (Before-mentioned.)

Just north of this property the dyke turns and flows north, on the east side of Washington St.

At this point Washington St. enters Clinton St.

The forebears of the Lowe family came to the village and settled on a tract of land just south of the village and built their homes. Later, the tract was divided into building lots, and additional families came to make their homes there. This tract of land became known as Loweville, and while it was considered a part of Fayetteville, it remained outside the village corporation. On the Limestone creek, which flows along the south side of Loweville, there was a dam known as Espenham's Dam, where water was diverted to operate Espenham's lime mill.

Some of the families who were early residents in Loweville were: J. Lowe; O. Stevens; R. Hardy; Coon; H. Delong; D. Morse; D. Rotnour; Mrs. Thornton; Mrs. J. Harris; G. Ellwood; Mrs. M. E. Harris; J. Agan; Goodfellow; A. Hartop; J. Atkinson; L. Britton; Mrs. Laney, and W. Walkup.

In more recent years the families who occupied homes there were: H. Delong; Jim Delong; Wm. Lowe; By Lowe; John Hale; Gene Worden; Genter family; George Butler; Jerome family; Mary Holmes, who, it is said, was a pensioner of the War of 1812; Maranda Christman, vendor of pins and needles; Albert Doolittle, Civil War veteran; Carl Hackbarth, painter; Tom York; Mrs. Tish. Burns, widow; Tapner family, and the Shoemaker family. Clint Davis, veteran of the Spanish-American War, lived at the Shoemaker home.

Beard Hotel and barn. (Before-mentioned.)

Crouse Foundry. This property was later acquired by Charles E. Crouch, N. Y. C. R. R. conductor. He also operated a machine shop in the former foundry.

Beard & Harris Foundry, manufacturers of agricultural implements. A dwelling house was later built on the site of the foundry, and at a later date, it was occupied by the Mrs. Certwell family.

In early years there was a wool carding and cloth dressing mill conducted by Darling Thompson about on the site of the later Snook Knife Factory. After many years it was torn down. In 1863 a pearl barley and flouring mill was established on the site of the Darling Thompson mill by Edward Johnson, and was later operated by Northrup & Johnson. The mill burned and was succeeded by the Snook Knife Factory. After the Snook Knife Factory discontinued business, the building was occupied by Grace & Co. for the finishing operation of meat grinders. Later, around 1910, the factory burned on a windy night. The wind, from the west, carried burning embers over part of the village, between Clinton St. and E. Genesee, as far as the Frank Vedder farm on Salt Springs St. Burning embers fell on many homes, starting small fires. Property owners, or men called to aid them, climbed up on their roofs with pails of water to douse the flames started by the embers. The factory was a total loss.

Just south of Thompson's first fulling mill, Riley and Treat had a saw mill, which was later bought by Henry N. Burhans and Orlo D. Blanchard, and became known as Burhans & Blanchard Planing Mill and Saw Mill. Later, the mill was conducted by Wm. Burhans. The mill was operated by water power from a privately owned watercourse.

At this point S. Mill St. joins Clinton St.

The old Beard paper mill. Beach Beard, one of the projectors of the Ledyard dyke, and given his choice of sites in the village, used it for his choice for the paper mill. Henry L. Beard, father of Fred C. Beard, established the paper mill. Hiram and Illustrious Remington, father and son, operated the paper making business. Later, they moved to Watertown and established such an industry. In a later year the mill was passed on to Fred C. Beard, who rented the building to other operators of paper making. At one time the building was occupied by Hoffman, Paper Maker. At that time John Kelley, Sr., was engineer. Later, Dell O'Brien was operator. Bert Howell was engineer. In a more recent year the property was acquired by McIntyre Bros.

The dyke crosses S. Mill St.

Beard, Crouse & Co., paper manufacturers. They discontinued business in an early year, and the building was razed.

Burhans & Blanchard, manufacturers of sash, blinds and doors, and dealers in lumber. This business was established around 1855. The machinery was operated by water power coming through a trunk line. Later, the factory was abandoned, and it remained vacant for many years. At one time the ground floor was used as a workshop by the water department of the village. At that time, Duane Babcock was water commissioner. In a more recent year the building was razed.

Mrs. Jenks family residence. This property was later acquired by Ed Anguish, farmer.

Mrs. Bailey residence. In a more recent year the home was occupied by the Kiley family.

Levi Chapman tenant house, occupied by Joe Stanton and family. Joe was a Civil War veteran. He was also teamster, employed by the Meat Block factory in High Bridge.

Irv Campbell restaurant, with living rooms above. He was a musician. Later, for a while, he was manager of the kitchen and dining room at the Beard Hotel.

D. Rotnour tenant house, one time occupied by Dick Ralph, a former moulder. He moved there from Spring St. Charles Ralph, a son, was janitor at the Gridley Building in Syracuse.

D. Rotnour tenant house, one time occupied by George Goodfellow, a former farmhand at the Harvey Morse farm. George moved here from Franklin St. He was then employed at Stickley's. (This paragraph is called "same" as the above paragraph).

D. Rotnour tenant house. This property was later acquired by the Robbins family. Worth, a son, was a village merchant, who succeeded Hoag Bros., grocers. (Addition says "Martin Post pool room.")

Vacant lot, which was later acquired by H. J. Knapp, after dissolving partnership with Decker. On this lot he erected an addition to his furniture store.

A. H. Hoag building, later acquired by Henry Hoag. (Before-mentioned.)

At this point S. Mill St. enters the junction of E. and W. Genesee.

J. S. Baker Drug Store. At this time Dr. Byington had his office on the floor above. Later, one store was occupied by Hoag Bros., Fred and Henry, grocers. The next store was later occupied by Fred Lamphere, dealer in books, stationery, etc. At that time Dr. Frank G. Tibbitts, dentist, had his office on the floor above. One of the rooms on the third floor was occupied by the Masons. Later, Hoag Bros. discontinued business and Worth Robbins opened a grocery store there. At a later year, Everingham & Carr, grocers and dealers in dry goods, succeeded Robbins and Lamphere. Everingham & Carr was succeeded by Agan & Pease, grocers. They were Arthur Agan, son of Hiram Agan, and Harvey Pease, son of John Pease. Arthur Agan was at one time a village postmaster, succeeding John Ecker.

The First National Bank of Fayetteville. This bank was organized as a State bank around 1854. Hervey Edwards was president; Porter Tremain, vice-president; Hiram Eaton, cashier. It was converted into a National bank in 1865. In 1887, O. D. Blanchard was president; Marquis L. Peck, vice-president; Robert W. Eaton, cashier. During the existence of the bank the following men served as presidents: Hervey Edwards, Porter Tremain, Nathan Seward, Darwin E. Hurd, Hiram Eaton, Byron R. Palmer and O. D. Blanchard. The vice-presidents were: Levi Snell, Ambrose Smith, Platt Smith, M. P. Worden and others. In 1894, the bank went into liquidation and Platt H. Smith was chosen cashier. Near this time the post office, on the west side of N. Mill St., was moved to the bank building, where Arthur Agan continued to be postmaster. He was succeeded by Harry J. Goodfellow.

Grove Hotel, Horace (Boney) Grove, proprietor. A former building on this site was erected in the early 1830's by Seymour Pratt. On this site a public house was kept many years and by various proprietors. Later this property was acquired by the Rowley family. Horace S. Grove was born in Fayetteville in 1843. He was the oldest of eight children. After leaving school he followed a mechanical business for five years. In 1864 he enlisted with Scott's Nine Hundred, afterward consolidated with the 11th N. Y. Cavalry, and remained with them until the end of the war. His father, Adam, was a native of Palatine Bridge, Montgomery Co. After his return he opened a billiard parlor in Fayetteville which he conducted for one year. He then bought a canal boat following that line of business for five years. After this he conducted a grocery and confectionery store. In 1874 he bought the old Rowley property and ten years later he rebuilt the house, making it the commodious Grove Hotel. In 1867 he married Augusta Jenks of Fayetteville. There were two children: Glen A. and Grace, who later married Fred Mathews. In early years, Dr. Wilbur had his office in a room in the hotel. Later, he moved his office to his home on E. Genesee. There was a large barn, with horse sheds, on the Grove property. Mr. Grove conducted the hotel for many years. Mrs. Timmerman, a sister of Mr. Grove, was manager of the hotel kitchen. Otto Brown was hostler.

Boynton Bros. Marble Works (Frank C. and Fred L.), successors to John L. Boynton. John Boynton came to Fayetteville and was employed with James Mead until 1857. In 1871 he bought the old establishment in Fayetteville, which was located on the former Rowley property. He conducted this business up to the time of his death in 1889. Boynton Bros. carried on the same business, making a specialty of statuary. They were the contractors of the Gaynor watering trough. Oliver Reals was an employee. Addison Cole, Jr., lived in the rooms over the shop. He was an all-around musician, also painter and decorator for many years. He was director of the village orchestra, playing the piano, at dances, usually at Beard Hall.

At this point Elm St. enters N. Mill St.

Printing Office Building. In early years this building was owned by Seymour Pratt. The first village newspaper bore the names of "The Recorder" and "The Bulletin." "The Recorder" was established in 1866 by F. A. Darling, who published the paper in the basement of his home on Center st. The home was owned and occupied later by James Goodfellow. Henry Pratt succeeded F. A. Darling and issued "The Recorder" for a number of years. Frank L. Maine, lawyer, of Manlius, who practiced his profession about three years in copartnership with N. R. Chapman and was attorney for the Farmer's Bank in Fayetteville, took charge, in 1883, of the Fayetteville Recorder, which was then owned by a stock company, and conducted it as editor and manager for about two years. When the Recorder passed into the hands of Andrew W. Wilkin he remained in the office about three years as foreman. In 1887, Mr. Maine started "The Eagle" in Manlius. The Bulletin was founded in 1892. H. C. Beauchamp succeeded Mr. Wilkin. Next came Ellis Woodworth, and later, W. E. Bennett had charge for a number of years. In 1938 the Bulletin was merged with the Manlius Eagle.

Vacant lot, part of the Seymour Pratt property. In a more recent year a blacksmith shop was erected and Jim Murray opened his blacksmithing there.

David Walsh Restaurant, Tobacco and Cigars. He occupied the rooms over the restaurant. Later, Joseph LaPoint occupied the building. He used the ground floor for furniture refinishing.

Mrs. I. McCarthy residence. This home was later used as a tenant house, and was occupied by a succession of different families. At one time a room on the ground floor was used by a shoemaker, who did repairing.

At this point Mechanic St. enters N. Mill St.

A. T. Gilmore property, later acquired by Charles Hopkins. (Before-mentioned.)

David Collin farmland, better known in more recent years as the Wm. T. Collin farm. This property extended along N. Mill St. from the Hopkins property to the property of Marquis Peck.

Marquis L. Peck family residence. This property was later acquired by a son, Charles Peck. (Before-mentioned.)

At this point N. Mill St. enters N. Manlius St.

Peter Johnson farmland. (Before-mentioned.)

Mike Gaynor family residence. A brother, Patrick, also made his home there. They were employed at the Bangs & Gaynor lime kilns.

Wm. Walsh family residence. He was a son of David Walsh. In early years Will was employed on government contracts. Later, he became superintendent of county roads repairs.

Vacant lot, owner unknown. This property was later acquired by Hiram Garlock, who erected three houses there. The first house erected, next to the Walsh home, was acquired by Henry Straub, barber, who moved there from Elm St. The next house was acquired by Harry Boyle, caretaker at the Onondaga County Golf Club. The third house was later acquired by Charles Staples, plumber. (Addition says "Rhodes, Harey(?)-Tuttle.")

At this point there was a road going west to the Fayetteville feeder and coalyard. Just south of the coalyard was a dock where steamboats tied up when chartered for church picnics, which were held at lake resorts. Otherwise, these boats were devoted to freight service. There were two steamboats which were usually chartered by a committee from the Methodist church, the "Wm. Mullin" and the "Melvin B. Brown." At times, the church picnics were held at Sylvan Beach on Oneida lake, going by boat on the Erie Canal to Canastota, where the picnickers boarded a train, enroute to the beach. One time a picnic was held at Pleasant Beach on Onondaga Lake. Ont his excursion they went all the way by boat along the canal to Syracuse, then by the way of the Oswego canal as far as Mud Lock, where they locked into the Seneca River, then through the Onondaga Lake outlet, and into Onondaga Lake. Pleasant Beach was located on the west side of the lake. In the afternoon the picnickers were treated to a boat ride across the lake to the old Iron Pier. Ice cream made by Mrs. Abram Salg was served aboard the boat.

Hatch & Wells Coalyard. Later, the coalyard was operated by S. J. Wells and W. Austin. A part of this large coalyard building, which was abandoned in the early 1890's, was later used by Hiram Garlock to store lumber and to do the preliminary carpenter work before erecting the three houses on N. Mill St., which were later acquired by Straub, Boyle and Staples. Later, the building was used by private pleasure boat owners who did the necessary remodeling for boat houses. Some of those owning boats and using the boathouse were Stickley, Ernest Knapp, Ed Shepard, Horace Hoag, Bill Orman and Hank Straub. In early years canal boats tied up at the north end of the coalyard building, and there the boats were unloaded by means of a horse-operated capstan, rope and large bucket, which hoisted the coal up to a upper-car. The car was then pushed by hand along an overhead track and dumped into the respective bins. Just north of the coalyard, in early years, there was a swing bridge. After the bridge was abandoned, a part of the wooden structure remained in the feeder for many years. The road leading to the coalyard continued on to the canning factory and was known as the "heelpath."

Bangs & Gaynor, Hydraulic Cement and Lime Kilns, with office. There was also wagon sheds and a cooper shop on the premises. The firm of Bangs & Gaynor was formed in 1860. They built on the site of a lime works which was founded in 1818. Also on this site, in earlier years, there was a saw mill and small grist mill at one time. Edward Gaynor came to Fayetteville in 1850 and developed the lime kilns. He joined in partnership with Eli Bangs. They created the Plaster and Cement Co., which had an output of one thousand barrels a day in 1890. In later years, Wm. Gaynor, brother of Col. J. F. Gaynor, was manager of the lime kilns, and Patrick Keohane and John Regan were clerks in the office.

At this point a road led past the lime kilns to the Fayetteville feeder towpath. This road crossed over part of the feeder, and just north of this bridge was another bridge which spanned the intake from the Limestone creek, a feeder to the Erie canal. Along the towpath were two tenant houses owned by Bangs & Gaynor. George Ackerman occupied the first one. The next house was vacant, for it was in need of repairs. Farther north was a house owned by the Hudson family. A short distance north of the Hudson home was property owned by H. Blair. This property was later acquired by Thomas Griffin, carpenter. Just north of the Griffin home was a spillway on the feeder. This spillway helped keep the canal at a mean level. A road, leading past the Griffin home, crossed a bridge over the Limestone creek, and connected the towpath with a lane that led to the old drydock, on a small widewaters of the Erie canal. Just west of the towpath, about opposite of Bangs & Gaynor's mill, was a lock which locked boats from the feeder into the Limestone creek.

Seymour Pratt family residence. He built this home in early years. Around 1898 Louis Hatch purchased the property, and later moved there after selling his farm on Salt Springs St. Between the time he purchased the Pratt property and the time he moved there, the home was used for rental.

This lane was a short road that led west from N. Mill St. to the Limestone creek. A part of the Pratt property was located on the south side of this lane, and Pratt's barn was on this property. There was also a large frame building on the property, and which faced on N. Mill St. In a more recent year Charles Loomis acquired the building and opened a saloon there. Loomis was a former bartender for Trude Grove. Later, Loomis closed his saloon and opened a saloon in the building which was later acquired by C. R. Eaton.

Trude Grove Saloon. After Trude's brother, Horace Grove passed away, Trude's sister, Mrs. Timmerman, who was manager of the kitchen at the Grove Hotel, came to keep house for Trude. Trude's saloon was a large red brick building.

Charles Hopkins Meat Market. There were living rooms above the market, and was occupied by Bert Chilson, who conducted a photograph studio.

The old Village Post Office. This building was owned by Edward Gaynor. In early years Henry Ecker was postmaster. Later, John Ecker, a son, became postmaster. He was succeeded by Arthur Agan, who was postmaster at the time the post office on N. Mill St. was moved to the bank building on N. Mill St. When C. R. Eaton first came to the village, he used the old post office for his undertaking rooms.

James H. Mathews store, later Costello's saloon. (Before-mentioned.)

At this point N. Mill St. enters the junction of E. and W. Genesee Sts.

The part of the village west of the Limestone creek was known as the "Flats," which embraced Fitch, Highbridge, Thompson and Burdick Sts.

Fitch St., a short street, one block south of W. Genesee, on the east side of Highbridge St. The only house on this street was originally owned by Mrs. R. F. Weston. This property was later acquired by David Dykert. A son, Edward, carpenter, later occupied the home.

Frank Balsley family residence. Later, he was agent for cash registers. Around the early part of 1900 he acquired the house and lot formerly owned by Applegate & Noble, on John St. He remodeled the house, making it into a two-family dwelling. He lived on the ground floor, and in 1906 the author occupied the apartment above. Later, Frank became a carpenter.

John Doxtator family residence. He was the father of Irving Doxtator.

John Rowe family residence. He was a cooper.

Kurk Graham family residence. He and his brother, Carl, operated the carriage manufacturing and blacksmith shop, formerly owned and operated by their father, D. H. Graham.

Dyer Eastman family residence. Edward Eastman, a son, entered employment at the Meat Block Factory in High Bridge shortly after the former business was discontinued. The building was formerly occupied by the Murphy Paper Barrel Co., which was established in 1880. The Dyer Eastman property was later acquired by Wm. Relph, Sr., blacksmith. He was a son of John Relph, blacksmith, who lived on Lincoln Ave.

Mrs. Gale residence.

Edward Clark family residence. Laborer. This property was formerly owned by Bert Eastman.

Returning on Thompson St., going west on the north side.

H. March family residence and barn. This property was later acquired by E. F. Lester.

D. H. Graham family residence. He established the carriage manufacturing business and blacksmith shop on W. Genesee. Later, a son, Carl Graham, acquired the home. Carl was a musician, playing in the Fayetteville band. He also was chief of the Fayetteville Fire Department. He married a daughter of Bartlett Smith, who lived on S. Park St.

Mrs. Kelsey, widow, residence.

Ed Rowe residence. He was a cooper in early years and brother of John Rowe. Ed lived in the former home of his father. Mrs. Kelsey was a sister of Ed and John Rowe.

George Crane family residence.

Abbey Prane residence.

At this point Thompson St. enters S. Burdick St.

Mrs. Hodge property, later acquired by Dr. F. W. Cook. (Before-mentioned.)

Mrs. M. Graham residence and barn. This property was later acquired by Dyer Strong, who conducted a saloon in the Beard Hotel building at one time. (Before-mentioned.)

L. Evans family residence and barn. This property was later acquired by Barney Karker, teamster, doing general trucking. He also owned a carry-all, which was often used for excursions to the countryside and transporting people to picnic grounds. Before the Suburban trolley line was established, he operated a carry-all route between the village and Manlius.

D. H. Graham residence, later the home of Carl Graham. (Before-mentioned.)

D. Eastman property, later acquired by Wm. Relph, Sr. (Before-mentioned.)

A. Osborn family residence. This property was later acquired by Robert Dunlop, who was an employee at the Crouse-Hinds Co., in Syracuse. Later, he bought the Rev. Barber property on W. Genesee. At a more recent date he acquired the Porter Tremain property on E. Genesee. His sister, Ellen, married Frank Balsley.

Mrs. S. Furman residence. This property was later acquired by Wm. Hart, carpenter.

O. Morgan family residence. This property was later acquired by F. Brown, who conducted a grocery store for some time on the property.

Amos W. Chase property, later acquired by Wm. Reed, laborer. Several years later, Reed acquired the L. Wickham property on W. Genesee. (Before-mentioned.) Wm. Reed was the father of Alva Reed. Jim Smith, painter, acquired the Reed home on Highbridge St.

A. W. Chase property, later acquired by Louis Washburn, veteran of the Indian Wars. A daughter, Bessie, married Frank W. Harris.

Mrs. Donaldson residence. This property extended west to border on S. Burdick St.

Calvin Northrup family residence. Later, the home was occupied by George Daggett, a former farmhand on the David Collin farm on E. Genesee. Mr. Daggett moved to this address from the S. J. Wells tenant house on S. Manlius St.

Palmer Worden family residence. Civil War veteran. He was born in 1843, and educated in common schools and the Fayetteville Academy. After returning from the War he engaged in fruit culture. He made grape culture a special study. In 1883 he married Emily Hope, who died in 1885. In 1890 he married Elizabeth A. Beel of England. There were two children, Walter H. and Helen E.

David Clark family residence.

A. W. Chase family residence. He moved here from his former home at the corner of W. Genesee and S. Burdick Sts.

Alfred Worden family residence. This property was later acquired by Wm. Reals. Later, Lou Goodfellow, son of John Goodfellow, occupied the home. Lou was employed at the paper mill.

Small building on the Reals property, later occupied by Clarence (Rusty) Reals, a son of Wm. Reals.

H. Fulmer family residence. The home was later occupied by Lester Allen, who later became a trackman on the Suburban trolley line.

H. Hopkins family residence. A brother, Jack Hopkins, was caretaker at the Col. J. F. Gaynor home. A sister married John Carey.

George W. Putnam family residence and farm. He was born in the town of Tully in 1839. Abram, his father, was born in Canajoharie in 1793 and came to Onon. Co. in 1836. He was a farmer and was engaged on various farms in Tully, Spafford and Marcellus. He died in 1874. George W., youngest of six children, was educated in common schools and a select school, then engaged in farming. In 1874 he bought a farm of 30 acres near the village, which was devoted especially to the cultivation of fruit. Mr. Putnam was collector, constable, and in 1882 was appointed deputy sheriff. In 1871 Mr. Putnam married Caroline Bellinger of Montgomery Co. They attended the Methodist church in the village.

Wilbur Mason family residence and farm. In 1890 he bought the Eugene Pratt farm, making a specialty of fruit culture, having thirteen acres devoted to grapes. Later, he was a proprietor of the Beard Hotel.

Farther south, on the High Bridge road, was a tollgate.

A. B. Pratt Brewery. Some time around 1882, or shortly after, the brewery burned, and kegs of beer floated down the Limestone creek, some of which failed to get past the village, and the contents were much enjoyed by those who were members of the Society of Elbow Benders.

A. B. Pratt residence.

A. W. Chase property.

Property unknown.

A. W. Chase property.

J. C. Worden family residence. Later, this home was occupied by Charles Burney and family. He was a mason. A brother, Luke Burney, also lived in the home. He was a Civil War veteran and mason.

A house, owner unknown, was later occupied by Fred Green, who was an engineer, employed by John Thompson at one time. Later, Fred was employed at the Precision Castings Co. and he owned the siren whistle which was used by the Precision, for when he quit there he took the whistle home with him.

Gravel bed. In later years a lot just north of this property was acquired by George Collins, carpenter, and he built his home there. He married Mary, the youngest daughter of Frank Mott, Sr.

T. Goodfellow family residence. This property was later acquired by John Goodfellow, retired. He was the father of Lou and George Goodfellow.

Gravel bed (repeat? see above)

Palmer Worden property. Dwelling house.

Mrs. R. F. Weston property, later acquired by John Donlot.

Mrs. R. F. Weston property, later acquired by Myron Wheeler.

Ed Elting family residence. He was the father of Deb Elting.

John Paltz family residence. He was a partner in the firm of Paltz Bros., Manufacturers and Dealers in Boots and Shoes. This property was later acquired by Ed Lauer.

Martha Patridge residence.

Mrs. Gale residence This property was later acquired by the Bristol family. A son, Charles, was a harness maker, who succeeded Abram Hoag. A younger son, John, was a clerk at the canning factory.

Mrs. March residence and barn. This property was later acquired by E. F. Lester, machinist. He was president of the village in 1902.

Harrison Kimball family residence.

Dan Dunham family residence. A son, Jesse, was a painter, who worked with Tom Nichols.

Oxner property, later acquired by Emmet Wilcox, who was employed at the Merrill & Soule factory in Syracuse.

George Fitch Cooper Shop.

At this point Highbridge St. enters W. Genesee.

Mrs. Eaton property. Later, H. W. Kessler acquired a lot on this property and built his home there.

G. C. Palmer family residence, later occupied by the Ours family.

George Fitch family residence. This home was later occupied by Charles Crane, glove maker. Henry Brown, farmhand at this time at the A. S. White farm, also made his home there.

Wellington Worden family residence. This property was later acquired by J. C. Wordell. Mr. Worden moved to Elm St.

Between the above property and Highbridge St. there were no houses.

At this point S. Burdick St. enters Highbridge St.

Calvin Northrup property. (Before-mentioned.)

Vacant lot, part of Mrs. Donaldson property.

Mrs. C. Crane residence. The home was later occupied by John Hale.

David Oxner tenant house, occupied by J. H. Newman in 1888. Later, he moved to Spring St. next to the home of Andrew Wilkin.

David Oxner tenant house, occupant unknown.

Frank Balsley property. (Before-mentioned.)

Abbey Prane property. (Before-mentioned.)

Cyrus Lampman family residence.

Robert Dunlop property. In a more recent year this property was acquired by Glen L. Babcock, Insurance. He was a son of Duane Babcock.

A. W. Chase property, later acquired by Ed Harter. (Before-mentioned.)

At this point S. Burdick St. enters W. Genesee.

Two-family house owned by C. Oxner, later acquired by Wm. Gray. (Before-mentioned.)

Mrs. Gaffy residence. This property was a tenant house owned by C. Oxner.

George Stafford family residence. This property was a tenant house, formerly owned by C. Oxner.

John VanAuker family residence. He was a carpenter. This home was a former tenant house owned by C. Oxner.

George and Hattie Gifford residence. This home was a former tenant house owned by C. Oxner.

George Potter family residence. This property was formerly owned by G. J. Garrett. George Potter was employed by Elisha Steadman, livery stable operator.

Barn on the D. Palmer Estate. This barn was used by Steadman for the storage of hay.

Wm. Griffin family residence. He was a farmer. A son, Tobias (Sandy) Griffin, was manager of the Syracuse Stars Baseball Team in 1902.

John Sheedy, manufacturer of hydraulic lime and cement, property, later transferred to Thomas Sheedy, a son.

Adjoining the Sheedy property there was a road leading north to the Beard, Eaton & Co. dry dock, boat yard, steam saw mill, stave factory and store house, on the south side of the widewaters, just south of the Fayetteville widewaters. The aqueduct was located between the two widewaters. Canal boats were floated into the dry dock, where they could be repaired. Gates, much like those on locks, were closed, and the water would then be drained off. The boats then settled down onto large frames called boat cradles, much like large saw horses. This left the boats rather high and free to repair boat bottoms, such as replacing rotted planking or caulking open seams with okum. After a boat was repaired, gates were opened, gradually letting in water from the canal, and when the dry dock was full, a boat could be floated out. Around 1892, Jack Coville was an employee there. Later, John Harrington was the operator. Just east of the dry dock was a dwelling house occupied by Talley Goodfellow and family. He worked for some time at the canning factory. The oldest daughter, Lillian, later married and went to live in South Africa. Harry Goodfellow, a son, later entered the employment of C. R. Eaton.

Beyond the road, where it branched off from N. Burdick St. was the farm property of J. Palmer.

Jerome Palmer family residence and farmland, later known as the Erkenbeck farm. Frederick Erkenbeck came to the village in 1856 and bought a farm which was left to Sanford, a son. Frederick died in 1886. The farmland extended along N. Burdick St. to border on W. Genesee. A short distance north of W. Genesee was an old hay barn.

At this point N. Burdick St. enters W. Genesee.

This concludes the listing of streets, the names of the streets, the people who lived on them, their occupations, the business establishments and business men. The lists may not be one hundred percent correct, but you will find them as correct as can be made possible through memory and some research.

To name some of those who were identified with business and mercantile companies in the village in early years: B. C. Beard and H. Beard; H. H. Gage; James H. Eaton; Harmon & Son, S. J. Wells; Seward, Crouse & Co., succeeded by Snell, Smith & Co.; Beard, Eaton & Co., dry dock; Seymour Pratt; Root Bros.; J. S. Baker; J. J. Hurd, Lime and Plaster beds; John Paltz; George Fisher; Walden A. Tibbitts; James H. Mathews; Abram Hoag, father of Fred and Henry; Jeremiah and David Decker, Henry Ecker; Burhans and Blanchard; George Fitch; Beard & Harris; W. C. Hurd, Bangs & Gaynor, Russel Morgan, also justice of the peace; Wm. Espenham; Wood & Marshall; Hatch & Wells (coalyard); J. C. Hodge; Volney H. Nichols; George Barney; Northrup & Johnson; D. H. Graham; Hatch & Beard; Applegate & Noble; Wm. Austin; H. J. Knapp; DeLancy Bartlett. Lawyers were: N. R. Chapman, Samuel Luce, Parker S. Carr, Thomas Chapman. Physicians were: Drs. Curtis J. Hurd, George F. Hurd, Alfred Clark, Darwin E. Hurd, Charles Baker, Coburn Badgley, F. M. Byington, Hickson, F. H. Markham, Nelson Wilbur. Dentist: Dr. Frank G. Tibbitts.

The Fayetteville Club was organized in 1886. Some of the early members were: Byron Palmer, Daniel S. Evans, M. D., Robert Eaton, Frank Severance, Edward Collin, Nathaniel Gillett, Volney H. Nichols, Millward S. Pratt, Thomas W. Sheedy, Charles L. Collin, Frank G. Tibbitts and Fred Hoag.

This serene old creek is a familiar scene which neither time nor progress will deter its course, flowing past the village on its way to Oneida Lake, apparently calm and contented. But it could become a raging and destructive demon at flood-time. No doubt the old-timers remember the flood, around 1896, when the turbulent torrent of turbid water carried everything before it within reach. The origin of the flood was a cloud-burst near the creek's source at DeRuyter Dam. At one time there were grievous apprehensions against the dam holding back the downpour of a cloud-burst, but the staunch old dam resisted the violence of the storm. The bridge spanning the creek on W. Seneca Street in Manlius was washed away.

The brunt of the flood took its course into the small branch of the Limestone. The small wooden bridge, known as the lower bridge, which spanned the branch on W. Genesee, was lashed with large ropes, with hopes that they would hope the bridge from being washed down stream. The current almost reached the flooring of the bridge, and when a small shed, chicken coop or hog pen came swirling along, they collapsed when hitting the bridge. When larger debris hit the bridge there was a grinding noise, and the bridge shook with the impact. And just how a chicken coop, with a hen perched on the roof ever escaped destruction and came out intact with the hen still perched precariously on top of the coop after being carried into the vortex under the bridge, no onlooker could solve the miracle. And when a duck was whisked along on the crest of the swirling current unable to pilot its course, Charlie Goodfellow, son of Talley taking a good grip on a small tree near the bank of the creek, let himself go into the water, almost up to his shoulders, and grabbed the unfortunate duck. There were no doubts about his vision of a duck dinner. The Flats were flooded, and at the peak of the flood, the Eastman brothers, Ed and John, brought out a rowboat and rowed up and down W. Genesee. The road of the flood, the worst the village had ever known, could be heard far into the night.

Its source begins at the Limestone Creek, just west of Manlius, and flows in a northerly direction until it reaches Lincoln Ave. near Green St., where it turns and flows west along Lincoln Ave. as far as Chapel St. At this point it turns and flows along Chapel St. for about one and one-half blocks and there it turns and flows west until nearly reaching Washington St. It turns again there and flows north until reaching the bend in Beach St. where it turns and flows west crossing S. Mill St., and a short distance west from there it flows back into the Limestone creek. On the present Precision Castings Co. property there is a series of falls. The former Van Wagner Co. operated the factory by water power from the dyke, also the Precision, when first starting in business. There is another series of falls near the former Levi Swan grist mill. This mill was also operated by the water power. The last series of falls is near the paper mill. While the dyke seems to be an established waterway for commercial use, only time will tell if it will be still be in use in future years. Progress will show no respect to the dyke or the boundaries of the village, for the present boundaries are sure to expand.

This railroad in early years was named by some wag as the "Goathorn," because of its many deviations from a straight route. The Chenango Branch, later absorbed by the N. Y. Central R. R., began its career in the early 1870's, and has well served the village as an outlet for manufactured productions and an entry for raw materials. The coming of the railroad was gratefully received by the villages. It meant faster transportation for both commercial shipping and passenger service. In the early 1870's, the railroad used wooden coaches. There was a wheelbrake on the platform of each coach, and when approaching a station a trainman would go to the platform and tighten up the brakes to half slow down the momentum of the train and to stay the train. In those days there were no vestibules. When a train was in motion and when a coach door was opened, the wind would blast in smudges of soft coal smoke and cinders which settled on passengers. Then passengers had to use handkerchiefs to remove the cinders from their eyes. When approaching the tunnel from either the north or south, a trainman would go through each coach and light the coach lamp with a sort of lighted torch. Before the advent of the railroad, the villagers depended upon the slowness of packet boats on the Erie Canal. Packet boats, later known as steam boats, carried passengers who, wishing to trade in Syracuse and not owning other available means, such as a horse to drive, took advantage of the low fare on steam boats, which was ten cents round trip from the village to Syracuse. The fare on the railroad was forty cents round trip. Many people preferred taking a steam boat, for they docked in Clinton Square which was the heart of the Syracuse business district. Those who wished to make a faster trip on the railroad had to walk from the depot on N. Franklin St., Syracuse to the stores. The trip by steam boat usually took from two to two and one-half hours from Fayetteville to Syracuse due to a speed limit of five miles per hour, to whether the boat had to dock enroute to take on or unload a cargo, or whether the boat had to wait its turn in going through a lock. The regulation of the speed limit of five miles per hours was held because of the backwash of a moving boat. Backwashes often caused damage to the banks of the canal.

The thruway in early years. In 1817, against odds which seemed to most people insurmountable, without Federal aid and with only the good will of neighboring states which would benefit, a momentous and unprecedented project was begun by the people of the State of New York. The Erie Canal followed a natural path used for many centuries by the Indians, leading westward through the only considerable break in the Appalachian chain between Quebec and Alabama. Within eight years a ditch forty feet wide and four feet deep had been cut around falls and through a primeval forest, a vile swampland which claimed many lives, and layers of solid limestone, to stretch out along a 364-mile route from Albany to Buffalo. In addition 82 locks were built to carry the canal over a rise in altitude of 564 feet between the extremities, and many stone aqueducts were required to carry the water across rivers and streams that interrupted its course. The coming of the Canal opened a northwest passage to the vast resources of the undeveloped plains.

The Erie Canal project which was known in early years as "Clinton's Ditch," was completed in 1825 at a cost of fifty-two million dollars. Tolls and a special tax on Onondaga's salt producers paid for New York State's first canal in just ten years. Around 1830, a feeder was constructed to connect the Erie Canal with Fayetteville. In 1834 the canal was deepened from four feet to seven feet and widened from forty feet to seventy. In 1897-1898 the canal was deepened from 7 to 9 feet. The canal from the last lock near the eastern part of Syracuse had a level course nearly to Utica and was known as the Sixty-Mile Level. It wasn't long before the canal produced a breed of boat captains who became the roughest, toughest, swearingest men of those times; but it was through such men as these who made the canal a success. Fights often occurred between boat captains, when in passing a boat the towline would get snagged on the bottom of the boat; or a boat hurrying to pass another so it could be locked through ahead, and in doing that, the other boat had to wait its turn.

The Fayetteville Widewaters stretched from near the old Malt House, on the north end, to the Fayetteville feeder, on the south, and to the towpath and bridge which spanned the canal on the extreme southwest end near the aqueduct. The bridge over the main canal was used by canalers when shifting boats from the Erie canal to the feeder towpath. The aqueduct carried the canal over the Limestone creek and had a spillway, where gates were operated to increase or lower the mean level of the canal. Each season, late in fall, the water was lowered in the canal, to save deterioration of the stone banks, which might occur from the ravages of ice in a cold winter. The widewaters, being somewhat deeper than the canal bed, retained a depth of from three to five feet.

Canal boats, generally around sixty feet long, were towed along by the means of a long towline, to which two or four horses or mules were hitched, according to whether the boat, or boats, were "light" or heavily laden. When a "tow" of boats were towed along, one boat ahead of another, they were wrapped together by means of a large rope, and this rope was attached to the tiller of the rear boat. By this means the boats were steered. Usually, canal boats, except scows, had two cabins, fore and aft. The forward cabin, or cuddy, as it was known by the canalers, was for the living quarters of the boat captain and wife, or captain, steersman and driver of the horses or mules. The driver, known as line-driver, was usually a boy or young man. Wm. Coakley, who later became a painter in the village served as line-driver on the canal before he came to Fayetteville. The aft cabin was for horses or mules, and they would be changed at intervals for fresh ones, which would be taken from the cabin by means of a small bridge made for the purpose of leading horses or mules to and from the boat to the towpath. When boats passed one another, it was common courtesy for one of the drivers to halt his team and let the boat move forward under its own momentum. Doing this would cause the towline to slacken and sink, giving the passing boat free clearance above the towline. At times and it happened quite often, a towline would get snagged on the bottom of a passing boat; then there would be either a set-to or the air blue with maledictions. In a more recent year, steam tug boats made their appearance and succeeded the horse and mule, as means of propulsion of canal boats. Steamboats had smoke stacks made in two parts above deck, and were hinged together, so that the top part could be lowered or turned down when approaching a low bridge. With that occurrence would come the following advice: "Low bridge, everybody down!"

In early years there was good fishing in the Fayetteville widewaters. Along the towpath on the west side from the aqueduct bridge to the white bridge, just north of the old Malt House, was good fly fishing for both calico and Oswego bass. Many large and small-mouth bass were taken. Occasionally a large catfish was caught. Up the feeder, near Pratt's boatyard carpenter shop, which was later a part of the canning factory was good fishing for eels. Later, however, the widewaters and canal became infested with carp, and their invasion depleted the fishing grounds of game fish.

Round Reservoir, a man-made pond on the property of S. J. Wells. This pond is supplied by water from the dyke. The earth excavated in preparing to form this body of water was piled up in the center of the excavation. The mound of earth created an island on which trees were planted. A fringe of evergreens around the shore of the mound enhanced the beauty of the terraced island. Maple trees grew upon the terrace and on the level top. An embankment separates the dyke from the pond. Water from the dyke, the intake being through a headgate located at the southwest side of the pond, and a headgate, the outlet near Green St., maintained the pond at a mean level. For many years the pond was leased by John Thompson, who harvested his ice there. Each summer the pond was drained, and when fairly dry, the infiltration of silt was plowed up and carted away. In early years the pond was a fairly good fishing place, also a good swimming place for neighborhood children. As boys grew older, they preferred to swim in the bend of the dyke, just north of the Franklin St. bridge. Later, the boys preferred what was then known as the first swingpole, farther south along the dyke. Swingpoles were common in those days. They were made from small logs and placed across streams to keep cattle from straying up or downstream.

Stage coaches were operating in 1822 between Syracuse and Utica. They were the first means of transportation for travelers. Coaches were usually drawn by four horses. The body of the stage, which was egg-shaped, was supported by heavy leather straps, steel springs being unknown at that time. When the stage was driven along at a speed of fifteen miles per hour, the rocking motion often caused passengers to feel a sense of sea-sickness. There were what were known as relay stations, where horses were changed for fresh ones, before continuing a long journey. Or, at times, the changing occurred at some tavern, enroute. One tavern, opened by Carey Coates in 1801, was one station where horses were changed. Roads in those days were precarious, stages often traveling over makeshift roads of logs covered with earth, through miles of forest, across swampy ground, and often having to ford small streams, or hunting a place where water was more or less shallow, to ford a river, and over rock-strewn by-paths that were hazardous to both men and horses; and a broken axle held up the trip for ours. Packet boats succeeded the stage coach, and for traveling they were far more pleasant, although not much more faster. Even as late as 1900, stage coaches passed between Syracuse and neighboring towns, carrying passengers, mail and small freight.

In early years some roads were built by using heavy planks placed crosswise the road, but such roads did not wear well because of the deterioration by the shoes of horses and the heavy-ironed tires on wagons. Stone roads were introduced, using cracked stone. Daniel Webster Gridley was Director of the Fayetteville Plank Road. It was customary to see elderly men along highways cracking stone for such roads. Large stones were drawn to some designated place and the men broke up the large stones with hammers made for that purpose. Men working at this task had the chance to turn over part of all wages toward their road tax. Such roads were built by private companies who, to make a profit, installed toll gates at intervals of ten miles. They charged twelve and one-half cents a wagon and three cents for each horse or ox, while pleasure coaches cost even more. In the 1890's the receipts of tolls on real income averaged around $2,000.00. Gate keepers received $14.00 a month with the use of the house. D. W. Gridley, who lived a few miles east of the village, built the stone road through Fayetteville, but these roads did not hold up for long. Horses shoes and heavily laden wagons soon wore the stone into dust. Some crosswalks made of heavy planks did not hold up well. Then thick, heavy slabs of stone were used, much to the detriment of those who drove along the street, for these slabs survived the heavy travel, while the stone road soon wore down into dust and was swirled by winds, leaving the slab crosswalk from four to six inches above the road bed, which caused much indignation and impairment to the dignity of occupants of a carriage, when meeting a crosswalk at a fast-drive pace, especially the new-fangled horseless carriage, when passengers were jolted off the seats and hats pushed down over their ears, when hitting the top of the auto. Later, the village officials, disgusted by the dust storms rising from main streets, attempted to alleviate the perplexing situation, by use of a sprinkler wagon. That appeared to be a fine accomplishment for the time being, but the hot sun and warm breezes soon dried out the moist dust. Then a street sweeper was used to sweep the dust off main streets. The sweeper, mounted underneath a wagon frame, had a large round brush which rotated diagonally, sweeping the dust to one side of the street. Orson Clark, with his team, was hired to operate the contrivance and to do the job which turned out to be a dirty task. As Clark drove along, a cloud of dust arose, giving the village a sample of a Western dust storm. Thick, heavy dust settled on laws, porches and penetrated homes. That performance appeared to be the coup de grace, of trying to quell the dust nuisance. A while later the village conquered the dust by the laying of macadam roads.

There is quick sand on both sides of E. Genesee from near Academy St. to Mill St. It was especially noticeable near the Hurd house, corner of Academy and E. Genesee and under the "Front" street hill and Hoag building, corner of E. Genesee and Mill Sts.

In near-early years the veterans of the Civil War and school children gathered at the Fayetteville High School, and after forming in line, they would march to the Protestant cemetery. Usually the procession was proceeded by a drum corps, which played martial airs. The marchers gathered around the Soldier's Monument, where Memorial Day services paid homage to the veterans who had passed on. Flowers were placed on each soldier's grave and decorated with a small flag. At times the procession would march over the thick dust-laden street, much to the annoyance of mothers of young children.

A colorful and happy event, according to which party won the election, which was usually the Republicans, for Fayetteville has long been known as a Republican town. The marchers gathered at the downtown square; then headed by a drum corps, they marched uptown, along E. Genesee. At one time H. J. Knapp was Marshall of the parade, sitting astride a prancing, fiery black horse. Red lights, set at intervals along the street, bloomed out in ruddy glows, giving the near neighborhood houses an eerie aspect. Marchers with flambeaus left a trailing smudge of black smoke. The procession disbanded at the uptown park.

In early years there were only a few sidewalks that could be called walks. Most of the so-called sidewalks were but hard-packed paths along streets. Later, the appearance of stone, wood and tar walks became noticeable. Flagstones were laid in some streets. Wooden walks, with inch-thick boards, four or five inches wide, which were nailed down crosswise on stringers, were laid in some places. However, such walks proved to be a menace to those who traveled over them. The stringers, being laid on the ground, rotted, and in time there was nothing to hold the boards in place. When two people were walking together, and one stepped on the end of a loose board, it tripped up the other one. And children were always losing pennies or other coins in cracks between the boards. Some walks were made by laying irregular slabs of limestone. There was such a walk in front of the home of Andrew Wilkin on Spring St. A while later there was the era of tar walks. Such walks proved to be better than any prior walks. 2 x 4's were laid on each side of where the walk was to be placed, then a mixture of tar, an early relative of macadam, was poured into the forms. After spreading the tar out into a uniform thickness, it would then be packed down by hand tampers, then packed down harder by a heavy hand roller. Those walks held up good, for many years. After the walk had been rolled, it was given a light sprinkling of fine sand. Later, cement was introduced as material for the laying of long-lasting walks. Some of the earlier cement walks, laid by Abe West, of Liverpool, on Onondaga Lake, were slightly rounded for a quick run-off of water.

In 1890 there were many wooden pumps in the village, used or owned by neighborhoods and by individual families. Such pumps were located on property handy to users, usually placed between the sidewalk and road. Some families had pumps in their backyards and in their kitchens. To name the locations of a few community pumps: There was one in the backyard at the home of Abe Salg, on Spring St.; one at the corner of Green and Orchard Sts.; one on Clinton St., near the Coughlin home; one on the property of Mrs. Reals, on Mechanic St., and later the home of Charles Mott. N. P. Sitts, who lived at the corner of Spring and Clinton Sts., discovered underground streams by using a Y-forked branch of a cherry tree. The well near the Coughlin home, the "drove" well in the Sitts home and the well in Abe Salg's backyard were on the same underground stream which was not a deep, underground stream. Some "dug" wells were 60 feet or more deep, like the one that was on the Root property near the house. A "drove" well is made by driving a two-inch heavy iron pipe into the ground until it reaches the before-discovered underground stream. Community and private family wells served the village until the village reservoir was installed. Almost every home in the village had kitchen cistern pumps. Some families had cisterns on each side of the home. Cistern water was soft, being rain water, whereas well water was hard, having much limestone and iron in it. Wooden watering troughs were common along country roads. Those troughs were kept replenished by piping water from a nearby spring.

Many hitching posts and stepping blocks were located in front of homes and business places throughout the village. Some posts were made of wood, some of stone and some of iron; all had iron rings, to which horses were tied. The nibbled top of wooden posts indicated that an impatient horse had been tied there. There was a familiar stepping block midway between Hoag Bros. and Lamphere's store on Mill St., and was still there as late as when Arthur Coon conducted his store where Everingham & Carr were formerly located. Also there was one in front of the Grove Hotel. Many families in the village kept horses, cows, chickens and pigs. It was an every-day occurrence to see horses and buggies, teams with stout, heavy wagons, hauling lumber, coal, grain, lime, furniture, limestone, and each grocery store had its delivery wagon. Logs from David Collin's woods, north of his home on E. Genesee were drawn to the Collin saw mill. Occasionally one would see a yoke of oxen hauling a heavy wagon, with the driver walking alongside and shouting: 'Gee?" "Haw!" Oxen were slow-going, but their pulling power was tremendous. They could travel over roads and rough placed where horses would be mired or break a leg. Toward fall it was quite a common sight to see a threshing machine engine, hauling a thresher, chugging through the village, with an occasional toot from the whistle, which amused the engineer when startled children stopped to gape at what looked to them like a monster demon on wheels. In early years many homes had either picket fences, or thorn hedge fences, which were kept well-trimmed. About all farm pastures were enclosed by stone walls or rail fences. Some farmers used stumps of trees with roots turned upward. In later years barbed wire was generally used.

In early years, and as late as 1890, pewterware was common in many homes, common as fireplaces which were used to heat homes before stoves were introduced. Much more common than the early apple parers. There were pewter spoons, cream pitchers, mugs, saucers and sugar bowls. Steel knives and forks were common in those days, common as the large chopping bowl and steel chopper.

Men about town. "Gramp" LaChance, who lived to be one hundred years old, resting in Pearl Williams barber shop. "Gramp" was the father of Frank LaChanse, who built the vault in the Protestant cemetery.

Buck Patrick, bookworm, plodding along his various ways, delivering meat for Charlie Hopkins.

Ted Strong, erstwhile reporter for the Recorder, "scaring" up news and passing the time of day with those who had time to listen.

Alva Reed, clerk at Tillotson's store, strolling home, noon and night.

Hol Allen, teamster for Bangs & Gaynor, "making" front street hill, and horses "digging" in, to take the steep grade, accompanied with harsh vituperations. The wagon would be so heavily loaded with barrels of lime that the wagon bed "bellied" down. At times, when extra barrels were added, Jack Hopkins would bring Gaynor's black carriage horse to the foot of the hill, to help draw the heavy load, and it seemed that the black horse would pull more than its share.

Joe Stanton, teamster for the meat Block factory at High Bridge, resting his gaunt team, before hauling the heavy load of meat blocks up front street hill.

Clarence Bushnell, rushing around, busy as anything, making believe, and thinking, perchance, it would increase interest in his second-hand business, and two to one he talked a perspective buyer right out of a much-wanted article.

John Goodfellow, sauntering up from the Flats, wearing his swallow-tailed coat and smoking a pipe. One time, during a conversation with a "standee" in front of Mott's store, which included local politics, the weather and his ailing rheumatism, he absent-mindedly placed his lighted pipe in a pocket of his swallow-tailed coat, and was unaware of it until smoke from the burning cloth attracted the attention of a passerby, who informed John that he had a fire aboard. John quickly snuffed out the smoldering fire, and then he seemed to have pressing business at the post office. After John left, a "standee" remarked: "For once, old John's got something to think about besides his rheumatiz."

Bill Daggett, who lived on the lane along the creek back of Mott's store, strolling around town, with his arms folded behind his back.

Jerome Patterson, of High Bridge, a Civil War veteran, "making" it to town to avoid being confronted by a "dry" time, and knowing where there were "wet" spots and free lunches. One time, on Christmas day, he wandered into Boney Grove's hotel. There was no one in the barroom at the time. On one end of the bar was a large glass bowl of Tom and Jerry, to which he lavishly helped himself; so much so, that when Boney happened to step into the barroom and saw the bowl half empty, Boney remarked to the room at large: "The danged hog!"

Perrin Schnedoker, from the Erie Canal towpath, a frequent visitor to town, especially on Saturdays, when fellow elbow-benders were gathered around the flowing bowl and making deep inroads on the free lunches which were displayed on bars or separate counters.

Ed. Rowe, established figure at Ebeling's meat market, when not being coerced into transferring an assignment of meat to a customer.

Charlie Bodley, a TB patient, out for an airing, and eating a banana.

Deck Wilson, whose early delivery of milk to homes was conveniently prepared for the night before, by housewives hanging out the family milk pails on hooks placed on trees or posts, with the customary tickets. Deck ladled out the proper amount of milk from a large milk can, with either a pint or quart dipper, at four cents a quart.

Tommy Holleran, a genial, unassuming elderly gentleman who, in his quiet way, had a good word for everybody, and he was a good friend to all who knew him.

Johnny Lowe, one-time lamplighter of the village. By the blossoming of lights around the village, he became well known. Kerosene lamps, on posts, were located in streets around the village. He would go from one lamp to another carrying a short ladder with a rounded iron at the top shaped to fit the round post, a can of kerosene to fill the lamps, a cloth to clean the chimneys, and a box of matches which at that time were known as sulphur matches. He was succeeded by Levi Worden, who held that position until electric lights were established in the village.

Sam Woodford, with his long bamboo pole, goin' fish', at the canal widewaters.

Will Coakley, painter, pushing his yellow cart piled high with ladders.

When summer came so did the gypsies, with their wagons, men wearing large earrings, fortune-telling women dressed in gaudy attire, children and spare horses for trading. They camped out along roads or in near fields, usually near a village. After they had made a short sojourn, it was the customary courtesy of village officials to request the gypsies to make haste in moving elsewhere. When spring came to the village, it was a sign that children were due for a dose of sulphur and molasses.

When spring came, wooden Indians were placed outside of tobacco stores, for advertising the store's merchandise, which were tobacco, segars, pipes and snuff. The Indians posed with one hand over their eyes, the other hand held a handful of segars.

In spring Bock Beer signs became evident. In spring painters came out of retirement, like woodchucks, to view the world with an optimistic eye.

Sig Sautelle's Circus, well-advertised beforehand as a one-ring performance that would delight the most discriminating. In early years, circuses traveled from town to town via canal boats, but that mode of travel prohibited the circus from visiting more and larger towns, which would be more lucrative. Later, circuses traveled by wagon, thus being able to "hit" towns far from the canal route. In the morning, after their arrival, a parade was held, giving the villagers a view of equipage, such as the ornate band-wagon, with its six-horse team, the transport wagons, the calliope, and a number of performers. A woman rode in a conveyance with a large snake draped around her shoulders, the snake appearing to be more dead than alive. The evening performance, under the "big top," was well lighted by either kerosene or gasoline lamps. The ringmaster, in a brocaded red coat, top hat and long-lashed whip, directed each performance. A woman circus performer enacted her repertoire of stunts on the bare back of a plump white horse. Trapeze artists engaged in demonstrating their agility, high above the ring. Clowns displayed their inane antics. The circus band blared its accompanying music. A vendor of popcorn and peanuts did a brisk business. Pink lemonade was consumed readily. Such items were a "must," when viewing "The Most Stupendous and Spectacular Show of the Times." On one side of the main tent which housed the circus kitchen and dining quarters. All foods, meats and hay were purchased from dealers in the village. While your author was watching the cook dexterously slicing bread with a foot-and-a-half long butcher knife, Jim Shoemaker's sister came along and asked if anybody had seen Jamesy; nobody had, so it appeared that Jamesy was lost, somewhere in the field of tents, stakes and guy-ropes. Other circuses came to town. All were about alike, yet some might vary from the usual, like having a high diving exhibition, when a man would dive into a tank of water from a height of 75 or 80 feet. None of the circuses had a sideshow or menageries.

The Hurdy-Gurdy, a Piano on Wheels. This musical instrument was operated by means of a crank, which was turned quite rapidly in a circular motion. The instrument was drawn along by a heavy leather strap, which one man would place around his chest, and pull, while the other man would pull his share by pulling on a strap fastened to one side of the instrument. Lively dance music was rendered, to which young children danced. There were also other popular tunes of the day. For a nickel or dime your fortune would be told, by means of a small card, selected by a trained canary from a small case of cards. At the end of the concert the traditional hat was offered to the assemblage of listeners.

The Trained Bear. For a few summers a man visited the village with his trained bear, which was muzzled and led around by a chain. The bear's repertoire consisted mostly of the agility in climbing telegraph poles, which were handy for such scaling performances. Tall telegraph poles stood along the north side of E. Genesee like a procession of soldiers standing at ease. Telegraph poles began to appear in 1846. The first telegraph line was the Albany & Buffalo Telegraph Co. Children often collected near such poles, to listen to the wires "sing!" After the bear had fulfilled the orders given by his master, the customary hat was passed around.

The Hand Organ Man and Monkey. The organ, played by turning a crank, was strapped to the man's shoulders, and while playing the instrument, it was resting on a "leg." A small monkey, wearing a red coat and small hat with chin strap, accompanied the man, and when not doffing its hat, which served as a receptacle for collecting coins from children, it perched on the man's shoulder. The man would take hold of the chain, which was fastened to a collar around the monkey's neck, and let the monkey down on the ground; then the monkey would doff its hat and run up to those who were listening, looking up wistfully and expectantly. When a coin was dropped in the hat, usually a penny, the monkey would pick the coin out, put on its hat and doff it two or three times, then run to the man and hand him the coin.

"Scissors th' grind! Umbrella's th' mend!" A familiar intonation heard throughout the village, accompanied by the resounding of a bell held in the man's hand, and the clanging bell seemed concordant with the man's stride. While walking, the man carried a framework supporting a small grindstone. This contrivance had a heavy strap which fitted over the man's shoulders. A treadle operated the grindstone. This business which flourished in early years is not a lost art, for such men are seen occasionally on streets in these present days.

Rag men. The rag men, with their stage-like wagons, collected rags, and often making payment with tinware or what was known as stoneware. (Dishes.)

Fish Peddlers. On Fridays their approach was heralded by a blaring horn.

The Grand Union Grocery Wagons. The agent of this company sold tea, coffee and spices from house to house, and with each purchase a coupon or coupons were given. The purchaser could redeem them for furniture, kitchen requirements or other sundry goods.

Papworth's Grocery Wagons. These came later. They sold groceries and meats, from house to house. In inclement weather many housewives took advantage of this custom.

Twenty-Five Mile Relay Race. For a few years a number of bicyclists participated in each race over a course of twenty-five miles, starting at Syracuse, passing through Fayetteville and on to Manlius, then back to Syracuse. E. Genesee and S. Manlius Streets were lined with people waiting in expectation and curiosity. The pedaling bicyclists, showing the strain of the race but still going strong, held dried-out sponges in their mouths, but those were quickly saturated by spectators who had prepared for such an emergency. A pail of water and dipper helped quench the thirst of the bicyclists. But one spectator, a little too emotional in his act of mercy, threw a large dipperful of water in the face of one racer, which caused the racer to gasp for breath and almost lose control of his bicycle.

When Winter Comes. Winter was the prime mover in bringing out horses and cutters, teams and bobs, and the merry jingle of sleigh bells. On extreme cold days soapstones were heated and placed in cutters, for foot-warmers. Buffalo robes were placed over laps for warmth. A V-shaped wooden snow plow, dragged along by one horse, removed much of the snow from sidewalks. On crisp, cold mornings wood smoke lifted and hovered over housetops, until an occasional change of wind drew the smoke downward, and then one could smell the bracing odor of burning hard wood lingering in the air, giving one the sense of simplicity of hospitality of the inmates, in comfort of their homes. In a good many homes, which used wood for both cooking and heating, and usually letting fires go out late in the evening, a box of pine shavings was kept handy near the kitchen woodbox to start early morning fires. The first fall of snow was happily welcome by children, who then sought streets with hills, where they could coast down hill. When ice became thick enough to hold up a team, John Thompson started his season's work, harvesting ice from the Round reservoir and the widewaters. Around 1900 Thompson tore down the horse barns at Kirk Park, using the lumber to repair the Wide Waters ice house and to build a small building where workers on the ice could have a warm place to eat their noon lunches. When ice froze to a thickness of around fourteen inches, it was ready to be harvested. Big iron-bound scrappers with sharp iron noses were drawn by horses over snow-covered areas, removing the snow where ice was to be cut. Then ice-cutters with a marker on one side, and drawn by horses, cut the ice about six or eight inches deep, also marking out the size of the cakes. Then men with ice saws would saw the remaining margin of the marker-out cakes. These were sawed in groups of from three to four together. A man would follow the sawyers with an iron spud, which cut the cakes apart. Men with pikepoles pushed the cakes to a channel cut in the ice. From there the cakes entered a sunken runway, where a man with an icehook fastened to a large, long hoisting rope, placed the hook at the end of three or four cakes, which were then drawn up the ice house runway, where an opening in the main runway let the cakes slide down the inclined runway which entered the ice house. Runways inside the house carried the ice to men to "set up" the ice in tiers, the long way of the cakes. When a tier was complete, all bulges on the top of the cakes were raked level with sharp, short-handled pikepoles. The last two top tiers of ice were laid flat, and over the top tier sawdust was dumped, covering the entire tier to a depth of a foot or more. Sawdust was also used to fill the chambers between the inside and outside of the house. Sawdust helped keep the ice from melting. In later years, Thompson used imported seaweed to cover the ice. Men who worked on summer jobs, and were more or less idle in winter, usually worked at harvesting ice, while other men took to the woods, where they cut either logs or stove wood for C. L. Collin. When Thompson first started ice harvesting, he used horses to draw the ice up into the ice houses. Later, he used a steam traction engine.

Customary Gathering. Many women in early years gathered herbs of various kinds, usually hanging the stalks or roots to dry in a vacant upstairs room or attic. When dried out, such herbs were brewed and made into family medicines. Boneset tea was a familiar brand. Elderly women seemed to have a practical knowledge of remedies, and often vied with doctors in those days. Salves were made in the home, also liniments. One liniment was made by hanging a glass jar, full of earth worms, on the sunny side of the home or other building, and letting the sun draw out an oil which was of medical value. Applications of this oil would cause stiffened joints of the body to become flexible. Acrobats and contortionists used the oil to keep their many joints in supple adjustment.

Rag Carpets. Rag carpeters were common in early days and used for many years. These carpets were laid wall to wall, and underneath a layer of straw was used to relieve the hardness of a bare floor. Carpets were tacked close to the mopboard (baseboard), then one of the family would put on a pair of rubbers and scuff the carpet toward another wall. Doing this would stretch the carpet so it could be tacked along another wall. Weavers of rag carpets and small rugs, in those days, used the old-fashioned loom, which was large enough to fill a room seven by nine feet. Strips of cloth were cut from rags and sewn together. Then the long strips were wound on shuttles. Skeins of warp were wound on large spools, then the spools were placed on a large rack which had long wooden pins which went through the center of the spools and left them free to rotate. When the warp was unwound from the spools, the end of the warp was tied, with a weaver's knot, to the end of the warp on another full spool. When all the warp had been taken from spools, it was then wound on the large beam at the back of the loom; then the strands of warp were threaded through loom reeds and tied to the smaller beam in front. Treadles operated the loom reeds, so that as the reeds lifted up and down, the strands of warp criss-crossed in a fashion so that the shuttle of strips of cloth could be pushed back and forth between the strands of warp. A small beam on upright supports and hinged at the top and fastened to an overhead part of the loom, could be moved back and forth, to force strips of cloth tight together.

Washing. (Laundry.) A family's washing could be achieved by using wooden tubs and washboards, with plenty of elbow action. Around 1900 a manually operated plunger was placed on the market. This contrivance had either one or two metal suction cups fastened to a handle. It was operated by an up-and-down motion, which forced water in and out of clothes. Later, the 1900 Washing Machine Co. placed a more modern machine on the market. This machine was also manually operated. The wooden tub was seated on a framework which had iron fittings and contrived so as to give the tub an up and down motion when in operation. To operate the machine, one of the family would grasp a wooden handle, fastened to one side of the tub, and push the tub back and forth in a circular motion. This operation achieved an up and down movement, which pressed the clothes against the stationary metal suction cups. The suction cups could be raised or lowered, according to the amount of washing in the tub, then again fastened to the required height. Water, usually cistern water, would be heated on either a wood or coal range. Ironing was done with sadirons, heated in large iron kettles, some brass, on top of a stove. In early years, tailors used "gooses" to press clothes. Many families used old-fashioned oil stoves, which used flat wicks, and such stoves were made in miniature of the usual kitchen range, having enclosed ovens.

Coins of the Realm. Around 1890, there were small copper pennies with an Indian head on one side, large copper one-cent coins, silver three-cent coins, which were often mistaken for dimes, two-dollar bills, large size, two and one-half dollar gold coins, along with the five-, ten- and twenty-dollar gold coins.

The Village Menace. "Front" street hill has been a menace to horse-drawn vehicles since the earliest years, and later to the new-fangled horseless carriage, not to mention the modern automobile, the trucks and tractor trailers. For example, to render knowledge of the danger confronting a traveler when driving down this hill, it is the wise and cautious who take heed of this dangerous, steep S-curved hill. Around 1895, Fred Strong, driver of the village stage, must have become inattentive to his driving, and inadvertently let the team or horses take their "heads," when approaching the brow of the hill. The horses not only took their heads but the bits in their mouths, and ran wild, all out of command. Instead of the usual precedent of passing over the Limestone creek bridge, the runaways veered to the left, to the south side of the bridge, and smashed through the guard rail which was located between the bridge and Beard's feed mill, and serving as a protection against walking off into the creek on a dark night. Whether Fred jumped off the stage before the plunge is not definitely known, but the two lady passengers were not seriously hurt, except for a severe "ducking" and disparagement of dignity. In a more recent year a trolley car, out of control, crashed into a horse and buggy. The driver was not seriously hurt, but the woman companion was fatally injured.

Fraternal Order of Elbow-Benders. The Society of Elbow-Benders, candid philosophers of their days, convened on Saturday nights. The rituals began around 7 p. m., and the bending proceeded far beyond the twilight hours. Civil affairs were discussed, village politics were dutifully argued, discourses on the handicraft of each member were expressed, and the weather was criticized, all to the function of bended elbows. Generally, there were controversies among those who did not see eye to eye with their compatriots, which inspired profound conclusions, and the downfall of friendship became imminent. Such contentions were usually followed by a brisk display of fisticuffs. When the stars began to grow dim and the moonlight encroached upon the advent of another day, the conviviality came to a conclusion, and those imbibing companions wended their bleary way home; that is, those who could "make" it, while others fell by the wayside.

Stolen Money. Treasure trove, which many men sought but never found. Around the early 1870's it was reported that a bank in Utica had been robbed of $70,000.00, in cash and negotiable bonds. It was rumored that the robbers escaped the police by boarding a freight train headed toward E. Syracuse, and when the train reached that town, it was rumored that the robbers had fled to the tracks of the Chenango R. R., looking for a place to cache their ill-gotten gains. With the police hot on their trail, they must have disagreed over some point in the location of a hiding place or in division of their spoils, for only one man was seen near the site of the supposed buried treasure, which was in the ravine just north of Collin's oak grove. Searchers for the buried treasure spent many days digging into the ground both sides of the ravine along Bishop's Brook. A number of tents were pitched there by men who felt sure that the plunder was buried in that vicinity, and they didn't want to miss out on the finding, for all searchers were looking eagerly forward to the discovery. Some time later, after the money was supposed to be buried in the ravine, either a gravel bed or stone quarry was opened on the Collin's farm, bordering on the south side of Bishop's brook, just west of the railroad. The removed top soil and unwanted stone was dumped along the brook, filling in that area to a depth of several feet. Those who searched later had to dig down to the former natural level of the ground. As late as 1895 there were occasional searchers who dug many holes in vain. Two of the searchers had a divining-rod, and after trying many places, it pointed down. They began digging, and finally found the object the rod had pointed out--the cast-off iron tire from a wagon. At one time, your author and his two cousins thought they had discovered the burying place of the money, for after digging a hole about seven feet deep near a makeshift dam in the brook, they found the top part of an old-fashioned satchel, in which there were a couple of old musty copies of a Utica newspaper, with dates corresponding to the time of the robbery. But there was nothing else found. Whether or not the loot was discovered, no one seems to know.

In early years many homes had an extra front parlor. This room was seldom used, except on special occasions, when a marriage or death occurred. Such rooms, after being closed for a long time with shades drawn and blinds closed emitted a musty odor when opened.

Slices of applies drying on porch roofs handy by an upstairs window.

Corn husk mattresses and feather ticks were common.

Many homes possessed a candle-making outfit, along with a candle flume snuffer for tallow candles were widely used in early years.

In early years many men wore leather boots, and to remove them a bootjack was used. Some boys wore red-topped, copper-toed leather boots. In that time all shoes had button fasteners. Many homes had boot scrapers fastened to porch steps, to remove mud before entering the home.

The best furniture had horsehair upholstery. When sitting on a chair or sofa, and moving about to be more comfortable, one became aware of the nature of the cloth. When such articles of furniture were discarded, painters often retrieved the horsehair cloth to "rub" down varnish.

Derby hats were common, as were leather boots, which were worn either under or over the legs of trousers. Swallow-tailed coats were an everyday occurrence.

Key winding watches were common in those days, and were carried in a vest pocket, with the usual large gold or silver chain spread across the front of the vest.

Paints. Around 1900 there were the Brooklyn, Carter's and Mathewson's white lead. These came in 100-pound wooden kegs. The New Era, Chilton, Masury and Lawrence paints came prepared in tin one-gallon pails. In those days white lead was selling for $6.00 per hundred pounds. Linseed oil was sold for as low as twenty-five cents per gallon. In early years most of the rooms in homes had whitewashed ceilings. Then there was a cheap grade of paint oil known as fish oil.

Saloons. About all saloons had free lunch counters. On Saturday nights a free lunch was offered and placed on the bar before a patron--a liberal slice of roast beef with gravy and a thick slice of bread, or frankfurters and sauerkraut, or a fish fry. Beer was five cents a medium glass, or a glass holding a pint. At times beer was served in glasses known as "bell-tops," each glass holding a quart, at five cents per glass. There were men who often "rushed the growler," and a two-quart pail would be filled for ten cents. Whisky was ten cents a glass, and good whisky could be bought for $1.00 a quart. A quart of excellent imported Rhine wine, coming in stone bottles, was seventy-five cents each bottle.

Wright brothers' first aeroplane flight came in 1903.

When the manuscript was submitted, Charles S. Newman lived at 804 E. Genesee St., Syracuse 3, N. Y.

According to Carolyn Albanese, one of Newman's daughters, most of the manuscript was written by Newman in Manlius by the early 1940s. Most of the manuscript was typed by Carolyn over several years on a $50 typewriter purchased during the depression for their father by Carolyn and her sister. The Newman manuscript was part of the George Ebeling collection, and was donated to the Fayetteville Free Library in 1999. Transcribed by Kathy Crowell September 1999 with minor corrections.